LPN exams safety and infection control practice questions, set 8
LPN exams · safety and infection control
LPN exams safety and infection control practice questionsset 8
You stop the harm first: isolation, falls, equipment, and the order that keeps the unit safe. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the LPN exams exam guide or more LPN exams practice questions.
Five safety and infection control questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about methods to reduce costs of client care. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. I should wait to empty my client's drainable colostomy until it is three-fourths full.
B. I should delegate providing closed irrigation to the assistive personnel (AP).
C. I should encourage clients to receive an annual flu immunization.
D. I should recommend that my clients who have an established tracheostomy use sterile technique at home to provide ostomy care.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: C — I should encourage clients to receive an annual flu immunization.
Rationale for Correct Answer (C):
- Encouraging clients to receive annual flu immunization helps prevent flu-related illnesses, reducing healthcare costs associated with hospitalizations and treatments.
- Annual flu immunization is a cost-effective preventive measure that can help avoid costly complications and reduce healthcare expenses in the long run.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
- Choice A: Waiting to empty a colostomy bag until it is three-fourths full can lead to skin irritation and infection, increasing costs for treating complications.
- Choice B: Delegating closed irrigation to assistive personnel can compromise quality of care and potentially lead to complications, increasing costs.
- Choice D: Using sterile technique for ostomy care in clients with tracheostomy is irrelevant and does not contribute to cost reduction in client care.
Question 2
Which interventions utilized by the nurse will indicate the ability to recognize a localized inflammatory response?
A. Vigorous range-of-motion exercises
B. Turn, cough, and deep breathe
C. Orient to date, time, and place
D. Rest, ice, and elevation
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — Rest, ice, and elevation
The correct answer is D: Rest, ice, and elevation. This intervention indicates the ability to recognize a localized inflammatory response because it follows the RICE method commonly used for managing inflammation. Rest helps reduce further tissue damage, ice reduces inflammation by constricting blood vessels, and elevation reduces swelling by promoting fluid drainage.
A: Vigorous range-of-motion exercises are not appropriate for a localized inflammatory response as they can exacerbate the inflammation and cause further damage.
B: Turn, cough, and deep breathe are helpful for preventing respiratory complications but do not directly address a localized inflammatory response.
C: Orienting to date, time, and place is important for assessing mental status and orientation but does not directly indicate recognition of a localized inflammatory response.
Question 3
A patient with ARDS is placed on low tidal volume ventilation. What is the primary benefit of this strategy?
A. To prevent fluid accumulation in the alveoli.
B. To minimize the risk of barotrauma and volutrauma.
C. To enhance carbon dioxide elimination.
D. To improve perfusion in dependent lung areas.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — To minimize the risk of barotrauma and volutrauma.
The correct answer is B: To minimize the risk of barotrauma and volutrauma. Low tidal volume ventilation in ARDS reduces the risk of lung injury by decreasing the pressure and volume delivered to the lungs, thus lowering the chances of barotrauma (lung injury from high pressure) and volutrauma (lung injury from excessive volume). This strategy helps protect the fragile alveoli, prevents further damage, and improves outcomes.
Choice A is incorrect because low tidal volume ventilation does not directly prevent fluid accumulation in the alveoli. Choice C is incorrect because it focuses on carbon dioxide elimination, which is not the primary goal of low tidal volume ventilation in ARDS. Choice D is incorrect because although improving perfusion in dependent lung areas is important, it is not the primary benefit of low tidal volume ventilation in ARDS.
Question 4
A 63-year-old patient is retiring from his job at an accounting firm where he was in a management role for the past 20 years. He has been with the same company for 42 years and was a dedicated employee. His wife is a homemaker. She raised their five children, babysits for her grandchildren as needed, and belongs to numerous church committees. What are the major concerns for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. The loss of his work role
B. The risk of social isolation
C. A determination if the wife will need to start working
D. How the wife expects household tasks to be divided in the home in retirement
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — The loss of his work role
Step 1: The patient retiring from a management role after 20 years indicates a significant change in his daily routine and identity.
Step 2: Being a dedicated employee for 42 years, work has likely been a major part of his life. The loss of his work role can lead to a sense of loss, purposelessness, and identity crisis.
Step 3: Social isolation (choice B) may be a concern, but the question emphasizes the patient's work role and dedication, making choice A more critical.
Step 4: The wife's employment status (choice C) and household tasks division (choice D) are not directly related to the patient's major concerns.
Summary: The major concern for the patient is the loss of his work role, which can impact his sense of purpose and identity. Social isolation, the wife's employment, and household tasks division are not as significant in this context.
Question 5
In which scenario is the public health nurse (PHN) most comprehensively practising interprofessional collaboration?
A. The PHN meets with several groups about community recreation issues.
B. The PHN spends the day attending meetings at various health agencies.
C. The PHN talks to several people about their particular health concerns.
D. The PHN watches television, including a telecast of a city council meeting on the local cable station.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — The PHN meets with several groups about community recreation issues.
The correct answer is A because meeting with several groups about community recreation issues involves actively engaging with multiple stakeholders to address a specific community health concern. This scenario demonstrates interprofessional collaboration by fostering partnerships and teamwork to promote health and well-being.
Choice B is incorrect because attending meetings at various health agencies does not necessarily involve collaboration with a diverse group of professionals from different disciplines.
Choice C is incorrect because talking to several people about their health concerns may not necessarily involve collaboration with other professionals or agencies.
Choice D is incorrect because watching television, even if it includes a city council meeting, does not demonstrate active participation in interprofessional collaboration.
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Question 6
A charge nurse is planning to conduct a performance appraisal of a staff member on her unit. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Inform the staff member of her appraisal time for that day prior to change-of-shift report.
B. Schedule the appraisal interview as early in the shift as possible.
C. Provide a chair directly across the desk for the staff member to sit in.
D. Provide the staff member with a copy of the appraisal form in advance.
Correct answer:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Providing the staff member with a copy of the appraisal form in advance allows them to review their performance, prepare examples, and reflect on their achievements and areas for improvement. This promotes a more meaningful and constructive discussion during the appraisal interview. It also ensures transparency and fairness in the evaluation process.
Summary:
A: Informing the staff member of the appraisal time prior to change-of-shift report may not allow sufficient time for preparation and reflection.
B: Scheduling the appraisal interview early in the shift might not give the staff member ample time to prepare and may lead to rushed discussions.
C: Providing a chair across the desk is a good practice for creating a comfortable environment but does not directly impact the effectiveness of the appraisal process.
Which of the following client situation is appropriate to delegate to a (n) unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? Select all that apply.
A. A client who needs help with a 1:1 feeding.
B. A client who needs their foley catheter drainage bag emptied.
C. A client who reports new onset of shortness of breath and needs vital signs.
D. A client who has questions about discharge home health services.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A because assisting a client with a 1:1 feeding is within the scope of practice for unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). UAPs can provide basic assistance with feeding under the supervision of a licensed nurse. This task does not require specialized nursing skills.
Choice B is incorrect because emptying a foley catheter drainage bag involves a sterile procedure that should be performed by a licensed nurse.
Choice C is incorrect as assessing a client with new onset shortness of breath and taking vital signs requires critical thinking and clinical judgment, which are beyond the scope of practice for UAPs.
Choice D is incorrect because providing information about discharge home health services involves patient education and coordination of care, which are responsibilities of the licensed nurse or healthcare provider.
A nurse teaches a client who is being discharged home with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching?
A. Avoid carrying your grandchild with the arm that has the central catheter.
B. Be sure to place the arm with the central catheter in a sling during the day.
C. Flush the peripherally inserted central catheter line with normal saline daily.
D. You can use the arm with the central catheter for most activities of daily living.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A because carrying a grandchild with the arm that has the central catheter can put excessive strain on the PICC line, leading to dislodgement or complications. It is important to protect the integrity of the line to prevent infections or other issues.
Choice B is incorrect because placing the arm with the central catheter in a sling is unnecessary and could restrict blood flow or cause discomfort.
Choice C is incorrect because flushing the PICC line with normal saline daily is not typically recommended unless specifically instructed by healthcare providers. Over-flushing can increase the risk of complications.
Choice D is incorrect because using the arm with the central catheter for most activities of daily living can increase the risk of accidental tugging or pulling on the line, which can lead to complications.
A registered nurse (RN), has just been employed as a community health nurse (CHN). Which question would be most relevant to practice as the nurse begins her position?
A. "Which community groups are at greatest risk for problems?"
B. "Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?"
C. "With which physicians will I be collaborating most closely?"
D. "Who is the nursing assistant to whom I can refer patients?"
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A, "Which community groups are at greatest risk for problems?" This question is most relevant for a community health nurse as it aligns with the core focus of community health nursing, which is to identify and address health disparities and prioritize interventions for vulnerable populations. By understanding which community groups are at greatest risk, the nurse can tailor interventions to meet the specific needs of those populations.
B is incorrect as it focuses on individual patient care rather than community health assessment. C is incorrect because while collaboration with physicians is important, the primary focus of a community health nurse is on the community as a whole. D is incorrect as it pertains to referring patients to nursing assistants, which is not the primary responsibility of a community health nurse.
A nurse creating a coalition for healthy living completes which activity during step 3, develop partnership agreements, of the eight-step plan to engage potential partners and mobilize community partnerships?
A. Identify potential partners
B. Determine responsibilities of each partner
C. Develop a shared purpose for the coalition
D. Communicate evaluation results to partners
Correct answer:
Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct:
1. Determining responsibilities of each partner is crucial to ensure clarity and accountability within the coalition.
2. Clear responsibilities help in establishing expectations and ensuring effective collaboration.
3. This step aids in defining roles, tasks, and contributions of each partner, leading to efficient partnership agreements.
4. Without clearly defined responsibilities, partners may have misunderstandings and conflicts, hindering the coalition's progress.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Identifying potential partners is part of step 2, not step 3.
C: Developing a shared purpose is usually done in the initial stages before partnership agreements.
D: Communicating evaluation results is important but typically comes after partnership agreements are established.
Which of the following best describes community health nursing?
A. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate's needs
B. Giving care with a focus on the group's needs
C. Focusing on the health care of individual clients in the community
D. Working with an approach of unique client care
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Giving care with a focus on the aggregate's needs. Community health nursing emphasizes population-based care, addressing the health needs of entire communities rather than individual clients. This approach involves assessing and addressing the health concerns, risks, and resources of the community as a whole. By targeting the aggregate, interventions can have a broader impact on improving health outcomes for the entire population.
Choice B is incorrect because it focuses on the needs of a specific group within the community, rather than the community as a whole. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains to individual client care, which is more aligned with traditional nursing practice. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests a personalized approach to care, rather than the population-based focus of community health nursing.
Which information obtained by the nurse when assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who is being treated with mechanical ventilation and high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) indicates a complication of ventilator therapy is occurring?
A. The patient has subcutaneous emphysema
B. The patient has a sinus bradycardia, rate 52
C. The patient's PaO2 is 50 mm Hg and the SaO2 is 88%
D. The patient has bronchial breath sounds in both the lung fields.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: The patient has subcutaneous emphysema. Subcutaneous emphysema is a possible complication of mechanical ventilation with high levels of PEEP in ARDS. This occurs when air escapes from the alveoli and becomes trapped under the skin. It is a sign of barotrauma, indicating that the PEEP levels may be too high for the patient. Subcutaneous emphysema can lead to serious complications such as pneumothorax, so it is crucial for the nurse to recognize and address it promptly.
Explanation of other choices:
B: Sinus bradycardia is not directly related to ventilator therapy complications.
C: Low PaO2 and SaO2 levels are expected in ARDS and do not specifically indicate a complication of ventilator therapy.
D: Bronchial breath sounds can be present in ARDS but do not specifically indicate a complication of ventilator therapy.
A nurse is serving on a continuous quality improvement (CQI) committee that has been assigned to develop a program to reduce the number of medication administration errors following a sentinel event at the facility. Which of the following strategies should the committee plan to initiate first?
A. A. Provide an inservice on medication administration to all the nurses.
B. B. Require staff nurses to demonstrate competency by passing a medication administration examination.
C. C. Review the events leading up to each medication administration error.
D. D. Develop a quality improvement program for nurses involved in medication administration errors.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Review the events leading up to each medication administration error. This strategy is crucial for identifying root causes of errors and implementing targeted solutions. By analyzing the specific circumstances surrounding each error, the committee can uncover systemic issues, such as faulty processes or inadequate training, that contribute to errors. This approach allows for evidence-based interventions to be developed to prevent future occurrences.
Option A is not the most effective initial strategy as simply providing an inservice may not address underlying systemic issues. Option B may be important but assessing competency without understanding the root causes of errors may not lead to sustainable improvements. Option D focuses on addressing errors after they occur rather than preventing them in the first place.
During an admission assessment, a nurse asks a client diagnosed with schizophrenia, "Have you ever felt that certain objects or persons have control over your behavior?"Â The nurse is assessing for which type of thought disruption?
A. Delusions of persecution
B. Delusions of influence
C. Delusions of reference
D. Delusions of grandeur
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Delusions of influence. This type of delusion involves the belief that external forces are controlling one's thoughts or actions. In this scenario, the nurse is specifically asking about the client's perception of objects or persons having control over their behavior, which aligns with delusions of influence.
A: Delusions of persecution involve the belief that one is being targeted or harmed by others.
C: Delusions of reference involve the belief that neutral events or objects have personal significance.
D: Delusions of grandeur involve an exaggerated sense of importance or power.
In summary, the nurse's question is assessing for delusions of influence because it directly pertains to the client's belief about external control over their behavior, distinguishing it from the other types of delusions mentioned.
A nurse is assessing an older adult brought to the emergency department following a fall and wrist fracture. She notes that the patient is very thin and unkempt, has a stage 3 pressure ulcer to her coccyx, and has old bruising to the extremities in addition to her new bruises from the fall. She defers all of the questions to her caregiver son who accompanied her to the hospital. The nurse's next step is to:
A. Call social services to begin nursing home placement.
B. Ask the son to step out of the room so she can complete her assessment.
C. Call adult protective services because you suspect elder mistreatment.
D. Assess patient's cognitive status.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Call adult protective services because you suspect elder mistreatment. In this scenario, the patient's presentation raises concerns for elder abuse, as evidenced by the presence of a stage 3 pressure ulcer, old bruising, and the patient's unkempt appearance. By involving adult protective services, the nurse can initiate an investigation to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient. This step is crucial in addressing potential abuse and protecting the vulnerable adult.
Summary:
A: Calling social services for nursing home placement is premature without investigating the suspected abuse.
B: Asking the son to step out may not address the potential abuse and could hinder the assessment.
D: While assessing cognitive status is important, addressing suspected elder mistreatment takes precedence in this situation.
About these LPN exams safety and infection control questions
LPN exams safety and infection control practice questions, set 8 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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