You use fluids, electrolytes, and kidney cues to decide what to hold, give, or report. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the RN exams exam guide or more RN exams practice questions.
Five renal and urinary questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
Which of the following statements regarding injury to the central nervous system in children is TRUE?
A. Children suffer spinal cord injury without x-ray abnormality more commonly than adults.
B. An infant with a traumatic brain injury may become hypotensive from cerebral edem
C. Initial therapy for the child with traumatic brain injury includes the administration of methylprednisolone intravenously.
D. Children have more focal mass lesions as a result of traumatic brain injury when compared to adults.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Children suffer spinal cord injury without x-ray abnormality more commonly than adults.
Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Children suffer spinal cord injury without x-ray abnormality more commonly than adults. This statement is true because children's spinal cords are more flexible and elastic, making them less likely to show bony abnormalities on x-rays even if there is an injury. This phenomenon is known as SCIWORA (spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality) and is more common in children due to their unique anatomical characteristics.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: An infant with a traumatic brain injury may become hypotensive from cerebral edema - This statement is incorrect because hypotension is not a common consequence of cerebral edema in traumatic brain injury.
C: Initial therapy for the child with traumatic brain injury includes the administration of methylprednisolone intravenously - This statement is incorrect as the use of methylprednisolone in traumatic brain injury is controversial and not considered standard therapy.
D: Children have more focal mass lesions as a result of traumatic brain injury
Question 2
Which of the following statements regarding injury to the central nervous system in children is TRUE?
A. Children suffer spinal cord injury without x-ray abnormality more commonly than adults.
B. An infant with a traumatic brain injury may become hypotensive from cerebral edem
C. Initial therapy for the child with traumatic brain injury includes the administration of methylprednisolone intravenously.
D. Children have more focal mass lesions as a result of traumatic brain injury when compared to adults.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Children suffer spinal cord injury without x-ray abnormality more commonly than adults.
Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Children suffer spinal cord injury without x-ray abnormality more commonly than adults. This statement is true because children's spinal cords are more flexible and elastic, making them less likely to show bony abnormalities on x-rays even if there is an injury. This phenomenon is known as SCIWORA (spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality) and is more common in children due to their unique anatomical characteristics.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: An infant with a traumatic brain injury may become hypotensive from cerebral edema - This statement is incorrect because hypotension is not a common consequence of cerebral edema in traumatic brain injury.
C: Initial therapy for the child with traumatic brain injury includes the administration of methylprednisolone intravenously - This statement is incorrect as the use of methylprednisolone in traumatic brain injury is controversial and not considered standard therapy.
D: Children have more focal mass lesions as a result of traumatic brain injury
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old patient with a renal dysfunction. When reviewing laboratory results for urethral obstruction related to prostatic enlargement. this patient, the nurse interprets the presence of which When planning this patients care, the nurse should be substances in the urine as most suggestive of aware of the consequent risk of what complication?
A. Urinary tract infection
B. Potassium and sodium
C. Enuresis
D. Bicarbonate and urea
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Urinary tract infection
The correct answer is A: Urinary tract infection. In patients with urethral obstruction, the presence of substances in the urine such as bacteria, leukocytes, and nitrites indicates a high likelihood of urinary tract infection. The obstruction can lead to stasis of urine, providing an ideal environment for bacterial growth. This increases the risk of infection spreading to the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis or sepsis. Therefore, the nurse should be vigilant in monitoring for signs of infection and promptly initiate appropriate treatment to prevent complications.
Summary:
B: Potassium and sodium - While electrolyte imbalance can occur in renal dysfunction, it is not directly related to urethral obstruction or suggestive of a urinary tract infection.
C: Enuresis - Enuresis refers to involuntary urination, which is not directly related to the presence of substances in the urine or indicative of urinary tract infection.
D: Bicarbonate and urea - While these substances are relevant in assessing renal function, their
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old patient with a renal dysfunction. When reviewing laboratory results for urethral obstruction related to prostatic enlargement. this patient, the nurse interprets the presence of which When planning this patients care, the nurse should be substances in the urine as most suggestive of aware of the consequent risk of what complication?
A. Urinary tract infection
B. Potassium and sodium
C. Enuresis
D. Bicarbonate and urea
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Urinary tract infection
The correct answer is A: Urinary tract infection. In patients with urethral obstruction, the presence of substances in the urine such as bacteria, leukocytes, and nitrites indicates a high likelihood of urinary tract infection. The obstruction can lead to stasis of urine, providing an ideal environment for bacterial growth. This increases the risk of infection spreading to the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis or sepsis. Therefore, the nurse should be vigilant in monitoring for signs of infection and promptly initiate appropriate treatment to prevent complications.
Summary:
B: Potassium and sodium - While electrolyte imbalance can occur in renal dysfunction, it is not directly related to urethral obstruction or suggestive of a urinary tract infection.
C: Enuresis - Enuresis refers to involuntary urination, which is not directly related to the presence of substances in the urine or indicative of urinary tract infection.
D: Bicarbonate and urea - While these substances are relevant in assessing renal function, their
Question 5
A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old patient with a renal dysfunction. When reviewing laboratory results for urethral obstruction related to prostatic enlargement. this patient, the nurse interprets the presence of which When planning this patients care, the nurse should be substances in the urine as most suggestive of aware of the consequent risk of what complication?
A. Urinary tract infection
B. Potassium and sodium
C. Enuresis
D. Bicarbonate and urea
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Urinary tract infection
The correct answer is A: Urinary tract infection. In patients with urethral obstruction, the presence of substances in the urine such as bacteria, leukocytes, and nitrites indicates a high likelihood of urinary tract infection. The obstruction can lead to stasis of urine, providing an ideal environment for bacterial growth. This increases the risk of infection spreading to the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis or sepsis. Therefore, the nurse should be vigilant in monitoring for signs of infection and promptly initiate appropriate treatment to prevent complications.
Summary:
B: Potassium and sodium - While electrolyte imbalance can occur in renal dysfunction, it is not directly related to urethral obstruction or suggestive of a urinary tract infection.
C: Enuresis - Enuresis refers to involuntary urination, which is not directly related to the presence of substances in the urine or indicative of urinary tract infection.
D: Bicarbonate and urea - While these substances are relevant in assessing renal function, their
Keep going past these 15 questions
Missed-question review, longer banks, and the rest of 20,000+ nursing practice questions open when you start studying.
Stems and choices stay public so you can still reason. Correct answers and full rationales unlock with the rest of the bank.
Question 6
A woman is in the clinic for an annual gynecologic examination. The nurse should plan to begin the interview with the:
A. Menstrual history, because it is generally nonthreatening.
B. Obstetric history, because it includes the most important information.
C. Urinary system history, because problems may develop in this area as well.
D. Sexual history, because discussing it first will build rapport.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Menstrual history, because it is generally nonthreatening. Starting with the menstrual history is appropriate as it is a common and noninvasive topic that can help build rapport and make the patient feel more comfortable. It also provides important insights into the patient's overall health and reproductive system. By addressing this topic first, the nurse can establish a foundation for a more in-depth discussion of other aspects of the patient's gynecologic health.
Summary of other choices:
B: Obstetric history is not the most appropriate to start with as it may not be relevant for all patients during an annual gynecologic examination.
C: Urinary system history may not be the most relevant starting point for a routine gynecologic exam and may not be as nonthreatening as discussing menstrual history.
D: Sexual history, while important, may be more sensitive and personal for some patients, making it less suitable as an initial topic for building rapport and establishing trust.
A woman is in the clinic for an annual gynecologic examination. The nurse should plan to begin the interview with the:
A. Menstrual history, because it is generally nonthreatening.
B. Obstetric history, because it includes the most important information.
C. Urinary system history, because problems may develop in this area as well.
D. Sexual history, because discussing it first will build rapport.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Menstrual history, because it is generally nonthreatening. Starting with the menstrual history is appropriate as it is a common and noninvasive topic that can help build rapport and make the patient feel more comfortable. It also provides important insights into the patient's overall health and reproductive system. By addressing this topic first, the nurse can establish a foundation for a more in-depth discussion of other aspects of the patient's gynecologic health.
Summary of other choices:
B: Obstetric history is not the most appropriate to start with as it may not be relevant for all patients during an annual gynecologic examination.
C: Urinary system history may not be the most relevant starting point for a routine gynecologic exam and may not be as nonthreatening as discussing menstrual history.
D: Sexual history, while important, may be more sensitive and personal for some patients, making it less suitable as an initial topic for building rapport and establishing trust.
What is the most appropriate intervention for Susan who is eating less protein than prescribed?
A. Praise her for cutting back even further than instructed on protein
B. Suggest that if she eats less protein she should increase carbohydrates
C. Recommend eating the amount of protein prescribed
D. Refer her to the dietician
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Recommend eating the amount of protein prescribed. This is the most appropriate intervention because it aligns with the prescribed dietary requirements for Susan's health. By following the prescribed protein intake, Susan can ensure she is meeting her nutritional needs and promoting optimal health.
Explanation:
1. A (Praise her for cutting back even further than instructed on protein): This choice is incorrect as it encourages behavior that goes against the prescribed dietary recommendation, which could negatively impact Susan's health.
2. B (Suggest that if she eats less protein she should increase carbohydrates): This choice is incorrect as it does not address the issue of inadequate protein intake and may lead to an imbalance in her macronutrient intake.
3. D (Refer her to the dietician): While referring her to a dietician may be beneficial for further guidance, it does not directly address the immediate issue of Susan not consuming the prescribed amount of protein.
A female patient with a UTI has a nursing diagnosis of risk for infection related to lack of knowledge regarding prevention of recurrence. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan instructions for this patient?
A. Empty the bladder at least 4 times a day.
B. Drink at least 2 quarts of water every day.
C. Wait to urinate until the urge is very intense.
D. Clean the urinary meatus with an antiinfective agent after voiding.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Drink at least 2 quarts of water every day. This answer is correct because adequate hydration helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTI recurrence. Drinking plenty of water promotes frequent urination, which helps to prevent bacteria from multiplying in the bladder.
Choice A is incorrect because the frequency of emptying the bladder does not directly impact the prevention of UTI recurrence. Choice C is incorrect as delaying urination can lead to the retention of urine, which may increase the risk of infection. Choice D is incorrect because cleaning the urinary meatus with an antiinfective agent after voiding is not recommended as it can disrupt the natural flora and irritate the area, potentially leading to more infections.
In summary, maintaining adequate hydration by drinking at least 2 quarts of water daily is the most effective method to prevent UTI recurrence, while the other choices are less relevant or potentially harmful.
What is the most appropriate intervention for Susan who is eating less protein than prescribed?
A. Praise her for cutting back even further than instructed on protein
B. Suggest that if she eats less protein she should increase carbohydrates
C. Recommend eating the amount of protein prescribed
D. Refer her to the dietician
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Recommend eating the amount of protein prescribed. This is the most appropriate intervention because it aligns with the prescribed dietary requirements for Susan's health. By following the prescribed protein intake, Susan can ensure she is meeting her nutritional needs and promoting optimal health.
Explanation:
1. A (Praise her for cutting back even further than instructed on protein): This choice is incorrect as it encourages behavior that goes against the prescribed dietary recommendation, which could negatively impact Susan's health.
2. B (Suggest that if she eats less protein she should increase carbohydrates): This choice is incorrect as it does not address the issue of inadequate protein intake and may lead to an imbalance in her macronutrient intake.
3. D (Refer her to the dietician): While referring her to a dietician may be beneficial for further guidance, it does not directly address the immediate issue of Susan not consuming the prescribed amount of protein.
A female patient with a UTI has a nursing diagnosis of risk for infection related to lack of knowledge regarding prevention of recurrence. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan instructions for this patient?
A. Empty the bladder at least 4 times a day.
B. Drink at least 2 quarts of water every day.
C. Wait to urinate until the urge is very intense.
D. Clean the urinary meatus with an antiinfective agent after voiding.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Drink at least 2 quarts of water every day. This answer is correct because adequate hydration helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTI recurrence. Drinking plenty of water promotes frequent urination, which helps to prevent bacteria from multiplying in the bladder.
Choice A is incorrect because the frequency of emptying the bladder does not directly impact the prevention of UTI recurrence. Choice C is incorrect as delaying urination can lead to the retention of urine, which may increase the risk of infection. Choice D is incorrect because cleaning the urinary meatus with an antiinfective agent after voiding is not recommended as it can disrupt the natural flora and irritate the area, potentially leading to more infections.
In summary, maintaining adequate hydration by drinking at least 2 quarts of water daily is the most effective method to prevent UTI recurrence, while the other choices are less relevant or potentially harmful.
Which of the following drug adverse reactions precludes a patient from being * given the same drug in the future?
A. GI upset from Clarithromycin
B. Skin Rash from Ampicillin
C. Steven-Johnson syndrome from Trimetoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
D. Clostridium decile superinfection from Ooxacin
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Steven-Johnson syndrome from Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. Steven-Johnson syndrome is a severe and potentially life-threatening adverse reaction characterized by rash, blistering, and mucosal involvement. Once a patient experiences Steven-Johnson syndrome from a specific drug like Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, they should never be given that drug again due to the high risk of recurrence and the severity of the reaction. This is known as a contraindication, making it unsafe to administer the drug in the future.
A, B, and D are incorrect because GI upset from Clarithromycin, skin rash from Ampicillin, and Clostridium difficile superinfection from Ciprofloxacin, while unpleasant, are not typically considered contraindications for future use of the same drug. These adverse reactions can often be managed with dose adjustments, alternative medications, or supportive care without ruling out the drug entirely
When the nurse is performing a genital examination on a male patient, which action is correct?
A. Auscultating for the presence of a bruit over the scrotum
B. Palpating for the vertical chain of lymph nodes along the groin, inferior to the inguinal ligament
C. Palpating the inguinal canal only if a bulge is present in the inguinal region during inspection
D. Having the patient shift his weight onto the left (unexamine
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Palpating for the vertical chain of lymph nodes along the groin, inferior to the inguinal ligament. This is the correct action during a male genital examination as it helps assess for any abnormalities or signs of infection in the lymphatic system. Palpating the lymph nodes allows the nurse to identify any swelling, tenderness, or enlargement which could indicate underlying health issues. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Auscultating for a bruit over the scrotum is not a standard practice during a genital examination and is not relevant to assessing male genital health.
C: Palpating the inguinal canal only if a bulge is present is incorrect as palpating the inguinal canal should be done regardless of the presence of a bulge to check for hernias.
D: Having the patient shift his weight is not a standard procedure during a genital examination and is not relevant to assessing male genital health.
When the nurse is performing a genital examination on a male patient, which action is correct?
A. Auscultating for the presence of a bruit over the scrotum
B. Palpating for the vertical chain of lymph nodes along the groin, inferior to the inguinal ligament
C. Palpating the inguinal canal only if a bulge is present in the inguinal region during inspection
D. Having the patient shift his weight onto the left (unexamine
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Palpating for the vertical chain of lymph nodes along the groin, inferior to the inguinal ligament. This is the correct action during a male genital examination as it helps assess for any abnormalities or signs of infection in the lymphatic system. Palpating the lymph nodes allows the nurse to identify any swelling, tenderness, or enlargement which could indicate underlying health issues. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Auscultating for a bruit over the scrotum is not a standard practice during a genital examination and is not relevant to assessing male genital health.
C: Palpating the inguinal canal only if a bulge is present is incorrect as palpating the inguinal canal should be done regardless of the presence of a bulge to check for hernias.
D: Having the patient shift his weight is not a standard procedure during a genital examination and is not relevant to assessing male genital health.
Which of the following drug adverse reactions precludes a patient from being * given the same drug in the future?
A. GI upset from Clarithromycin
B. Skin Rash from Ampicillin
C. Steven-Johnson syndrome from Trimetoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
D. Clostridium decile superinfection from Ooxacin
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Steven-Johnson syndrome from Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. Steven-Johnson syndrome is a severe and potentially life-threatening adverse reaction characterized by rash, blistering, and mucosal involvement. Once a patient experiences Steven-Johnson syndrome from a specific drug like Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, they should never be given that drug again due to the high risk of recurrence and the severity of the reaction. This is known as a contraindication, making it unsafe to administer the drug in the future.
A, B, and D are incorrect because GI upset from Clarithromycin, skin rash from Ampicillin, and Clostridium difficile superinfection from Ciprofloxacin, while unpleasant, are not typically considered contraindications for future use of the same drug. These adverse reactions can often be managed with dose adjustments, alternative medications, or supportive care without ruling out the drug entirely
RN exams renal and urinary practice questions for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
No. Nursier is independent practice. Register through the official path named on the RN exams exam guide.
The first five questions already include the rationale. Start full practice to unlock the remaining keys, missed-question review, and the rest of the bank.
Keep going past these 15 questions
Missed-question review, longer banks, and the rest of 20,000+ nursing practice questions open when you start studying.
