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RN exams gastrointestinal practice questions, set 15

RN exams · gastrointestinal

RN exams gastrointestinal practice questions set 15

You read GI bleed, liver, and nutrition stems and pick the intervention that protects the patient now. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the RN exams exam guide or more RN exams practice questions.

Five gastrointestinal questions with answers

Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.

Question 1

.Which consumption pattern of fermentable carbohydrate is considered most cariogenic?

  1. A. A single exposure to a large quantity
  2. B. A single exposure to a small quantity
  3. C. Multiple exposures of small quantities
  4. D. Multiple exposures followed by chewing sugarless gum
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: C — Multiple exposures of small quantities

Consumption patterns of fermentable carbohydrates can impact oral health by influencing the growth of cariogenic bacteria. Multiple exposures of small quantities are considered the most cariogenic because each exposure provides a constant source of fermentable sugars for bacteria to metabolize, leading to the continuous production of acids that can demineralize tooth enamel. In contrast, a single exposure to a large quantity may result in a temporary surge of acid production but is less detrimental in the long term. Similarly, a single exposure to a small quantity may not sustain bacterial acid production as effectively as multiple exposures. Chewing sugarless gum after consuming fermentable carbohydrates can help stimulate saliva flow and neutralize acids, thereby reducing the cariogenic impact. However, the most cariogenic pattern among the options provided is multiple exposures of small quantities, making it the correct answer.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Which intervention is most important to include in the patient\'s plan of care?

  1. A. Encourage weight-bearing exercises.
  2. B. Administer anti-inflammatory medications.
  3. C. Apply cold compresses to joints.
  4. D. Provide a high-protein diet.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: B — Administer anti-inflammatory medications.

The correct answer is B: "Administer anti-inflammatory medications." Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation in the joints. Anti-inflammatory medications help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain associated with the condition. Encouraging weight-bearing exercises (A) can be beneficial for overall joint health, but it may not directly address the inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis. Applying cold compresses (C) may provide temporary relief for joint pain, but it does not address the underlying inflammation. Providing a high-protein diet (D) may support overall health and muscle strength, but it is not the most important intervention for managing rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. Administering anti-inflammatory medications is crucial in managing the inflammation and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, making it the most important intervention in the patient's plan of care.

Question 3

.Each is a physiologic role of vitamin D, except one. Which is the exception?

  1. A. Hematopoiesis
  2. B. Cardiac and neuromuscular function
  3. C. Immune responses
  4. D. Serum calcium regulation
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: E

The correct answer is E. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in various physiological functions in the body, including hematopoiesis, cardiac and neuromuscular function, immune responses, and serum calcium regulation. Hematopoiesis refers to the production of blood cells, which is a function supported by vitamin D. Cardiac and neuromuscular function are also influenced by vitamin D, as it helps in regulating muscle function and maintaining a healthy heart. Additionally, vitamin D is essential for immune responses, as it plays a role in modulating the immune system and reducing inflammation. Lastly, vitamin D is well-known for its role in regulating serum calcium levels, which is important for bone health and overall bodily functions. Therefore, the exception in this question is not related to any of the options provided, as all of them are physiologic roles of vitamin D.

Question 4

The nurse is providing care for a patient with a gastrostomy tube. Which intervention is most important to ensure proper tube function?

  1. A. Flush the tube with water before and after feedings.
  2. B. Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
  3. C. Check the residual volume every 4 hours.
  4. D. Administer feedings at room temperature.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: A — Flush the tube with water before and after feedings.

The most important intervention to ensure proper gastrostomy tube function is to flush the tube with water before and after feedings (Option A). Flushing the tube helps prevent clogging and maintains patency, ensuring that the feedings can flow smoothly into the stomach. Elevating the head of the bed to 45 degrees (Option B) is important to prevent aspiration during feedings but is not directly related to tube function. Checking residual volume every 4 hours (Option C) is essential for monitoring tolerance to feedings but does not directly impact tube function. Administering feedings at room temperature (Option D) is more related to patient comfort and preventing gastrointestinal upset rather than ensuring tube function. Therefore, flushing the tube with water is crucial for maintaining the functionality of the gastrostomy tube.

Question 5

The nurse is providing care to a patient with a tracheostomy. Which intervention is most important to ensure airway patency?

  1. A. Suction the tracheostomy as needed
  2. B. Change the tracheostomy ties daily
  3. C. Clean the tracheostomy stoma with hydrogen peroxide
  4. D. Apply a sterile dressing around the tracheostomy
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: A — Suction the tracheostomy as needed

The correct answer is A: 'Suction the tracheostomy as needed.' This intervention is the most important to ensure airway patency in a patient with a tracheostomy. Suctioning helps to clear secretions and maintain a patent airway, reducing the risk of obstruction and potential respiratory compromise. Changing tracheostomy ties daily (option B) is important for hygiene but is not directly related to airway patency. Cleaning the tracheostomy stoma with hydrogen peroxide (option C) can be too harsh and drying for the skin, leading to irritation. Applying a sterile dressing around the tracheostomy (option D) is important for infection control but does not directly impact airway patency. Therefore, suctioning the tracheostomy as needed is the priority intervention to maintain a clear airway in this patient.

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Ten more RN exams gastrointestinal questions

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Question 6

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving anticoagulant therapy. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

  1. A. Avoid using a soft-bristled toothbrush.
  2. B. Report any signs of bleeding to your doctor.
  3. C. Take aspirin for headaches.
  4. D. Limit your intake of green leafy vegetables.
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Question 7

.Equalization of solute concentration of intracellular fluids (ICFs) and extracellular fluids (ECFs) is accomplished by:

  1. A. Semipermeable membranes.
  2. B. Hydration.
  3. C. Osmotic pressure.
  4. D. Perspiration.
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Question 8

.Which of the following will probably result in a break in sterile technique for respiratory isolation?

  1. A. Opening the patient’s window to the outside environment
  2. B. Turning on the patient’s room ventilator
  3. C. Opening the door of the patient’s room leading into the hospital corridor
  4. D. Failing to wear gloves when administering a bed bath
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Question 9

Which information in this male patient's electronic health record as shown in the accompanying figure will the nurse use to confirm that the patient has metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply.)

  1. A. Weight
  2. B. Waist size
  3. C. Blood glucose
  4. D. Blood pressure
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Question 10

Which of the following expected outcomes would be appropriate for the client who has ulcerative colitis?

  1. A. The client maintains a daily record of intake and output.
  2. B. The client verbalizes the importance of small, frequent feedings.
  3. C. The client uses a heating pad to decrease abdominal cramping.
  4. D. The client accepts that a colostomy is inevitable at some time in his life.
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Question 11

Which of the following expected outcomes would be appropriate for the client who has ulcerative colitis?

  1. A. The client maintains a daily record of intake and output.
  2. B. The client verbalizes the importance of small, frequent feedings.
  3. C. The client uses a heating pad to decrease abdominal cramping.
  4. D. The client accepts that a colostomy is inevitable at some time in his life.
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Question 12

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following symptoms should be immediately reported to the healthcare provider?

  1. A. Diarrhea
  2. B. Nausea
  3. C. Blood in the stool
  4. D. Fatigue
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Question 13

Why is the bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffering system a very effective system for the ECF?

  1. A. because bicarbonate and carbonic acid are not closely regulated in the body
  2. B. because each bicarbonate ion can carry two H+ ions
  3. C. because carbonic acid dissociates very easily and is a strong acid
  4. D. because there is an abundance of bicarbonate and carbonic acid in the plasma
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Question 14

The RDA for iron is higher in premenopausal women than for men or postmenopausal women because of the blood loss during menstruation.

  1. A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
  2. B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
  3. C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
  4. D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
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Question 15

The first line of defence against this change in [H+] is the chemical buffer systems. Which primary buffer system will respond to this change?

  1. A. phosphate buffer system
  2. B. NH +:NH buffer system 4 3
  3. C. protein buffer system
  4. D. haemoglobin buffer system
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About these RN exams gastrointestinal questions

RN exams gastrointestinal practice questions, set 15 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.

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