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LPN exams fundamentals practice questions, set 58

LPN exams · fundamentals

LPN exams fundamentals practice questions set 58

You practice vitals, infection control, documentation, and the first nursing action when a patient is unstable. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the LPN exams exam guide or more LPN exams practice questions.

Five fundamentals questions with answers

Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.

Question 1

The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of COPD about pursed-lip breathing. What is the primary benefit of this technique?

  1. A. Increases oxygen intake.
  2. B. Reduces airway resistance.
  3. C. Slows the respiratory rate.
  4. D. Prevents hyperventilation.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: B — Reduces airway resistance.

The correct answer is B: Reduces airway resistance. Pursed-lip breathing helps to slow down the exhalation process, which in turn reduces the amount of air trapped in the lungs and decreases airway resistance. This technique promotes better oxygen exchange and helps the client breathe more efficiently. A: Increases oxygen intake - Pursed-lip breathing does not directly increase oxygen intake but rather improves the efficiency of oxygen exchange by reducing airway resistance. C: Slows the respiratory rate - While pursed-lip breathing may slow down the breathing pattern, the primary benefit is the reduction of airway resistance, not solely slowing the respiratory rate. D: Prevents hyperventilation - Pursed-lip breathing can help prevent hyperventilation by promoting more controlled breathing, but the primary benefit is the reduction of airway resistance for clients with COPD.

Question 2

A client with bronchitis is experiencing increased mucus production. Which intervention is most effective in promoting mucus clearance?

  1. A. Encouraging fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day.
  2. B. Administering prescribed antitussive medication.
  3. C. Positioning the client in a high Fowler's position.
  4. D. Limiting activity to conserve energy.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: A — Encouraging fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day.

The correct answer is A: Encouraging fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day. Increasing fluid intake helps to thin the mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. Adequate hydration also helps to keep the mucus membranes moist, facilitating mucus clearance. This intervention promotes effective coughing and expectoration, ultimately aiding in clearing the excess mucus associated with bronchitis. Choice B: Administering prescribed antitussive medication would not be effective in promoting mucus clearance as antitussives suppress coughing, which is needed to clear mucus. Choice C: Positioning the client in a high Fowler's position may improve breathing but does not directly address mucus clearance. Choice D: Limiting activity to conserve energy does not promote mucus clearance. In fact, some degree of activity can help mobilize mucus and facilitate its clearance.

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness and is approaching death. Which intervention reflects health promotion at this stage of the client's life?

  1. A. Teaching the client how to prevent the spread of infection
  2. B. Arranging for hospice care services to assist the client
  3. C. Encouraging the client to exercise to prevent further illness
  4. D. Screening the client for additional illnesses
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: B — Arranging for hospice care services to assist the client

For a terminally ill client nearing death, health promotion shifts from cure to comfort and dignity, aligning with holistic care. Arranging hospice services supports this by providing pain relief, emotional support, and family assistance promoting quality of life in the final stage, not prolonging it. Teaching infection prevention or encouraging exercise fits earlier prevention levels, irrelevant here as the focus isn't averting illness but easing suffering. Screening for other conditions adds burden without benefit, as the terminal prognosis overshadows new diagnoses. Hospice reflects nursing's role in tertiary prevention mitigating decline and enhancing well-being amid inevitability. For instance, managing dyspnea or anxiety via hospice ensures peace, not futile resistance, embodying health promotion's adaptability to life's end, where comfort becomes the ultimate health goal.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of stroke. The patient is experiencing slurred speech and weakness. What is the priority action?

  1. A. Perform a neurological exam.
  2. B. Notify the healthcare provider.
  3. C. Administer insulin therapy.
  4. D. Administer IV fluids and monitor blood glucose.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: A — Perform a neurological exam.

The correct answer is A: Perform a neurological exam. This is the priority action because the patient's symptoms of slurred speech and weakness indicate a potential stroke recurrence. By performing a neurological exam, the nurse can assess the patient's current neurological status, determine the severity of the symptoms, and identify any signs of worsening condition or complications. This information is crucial for timely intervention and management of the patient's condition. Summary: B: Notifying the healthcare provider can be important but assessing the patient's neurological status is the immediate priority. C: Administering insulin therapy is not indicated for slurred speech and weakness in a patient with a history of stroke. D: Administering IV fluids and monitoring blood glucose is not the priority action in this situation; neurological assessment takes precedence.

Question 5

What is the nurse-manager's initial action when it becomes obvious that the unit will not meet staffing levels?

  1. A. Ask for volunteers to work overtime.
  2. B. Close the unit to additional admissions
  3. C. Notify upper level management of the situation
  4. D. Begin transferring patients to units with lower census
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: C — Notify upper level management of the situation

The correct initial action for the nurse-manager in this scenario is to notify upper-level management of the staffing issue. By informing upper management, the nurse-manager can seek their assistance in addressing the staffing shortage effectively. This step allows for a timely and appropriate response to the issue, potentially leading to the allocation of additional resources or support. Asking for volunteers to work overtime (Choice A) may not be sustainable and could lead to employee burnout. Closing the unit to additional admissions (Choice B) may impact patient care and is not a proactive solution. Transferring patients to units with lower census (Choice D) may disrupt patient care continuity and is not addressing the root cause of the staffing issue. Overall, notifying upper-level management (Choice C) is the most strategic and responsible action to take in this situation.

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Question 6

The nurse is performing a breast examination. Which of these statements best describes the correct procedure to use when screening for nipple and skin retraction during a breast examination? Have the woman:

  1. A. Bend over and touch her toes.
  2. B. Lie down on her left side and notice any retraction.
  3. C. Shift from a supine position to a standing position, and note any lag or retraction.
  4. D. Slowly lift her arms above her head, and note any retraction or lag in movement.
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Question 7

Sexual feelings are normal and necessary

  1. A. for reproduction to occur
  2. B. for the heart and lungs to function properly
  3. C. for an ovum to be released from a female’s ovary each month
  4. D. for teens to become adults
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Question 8

Which of the following findings would be most indicative of retinoblastoma for an 18-month old child?

  1. A. Orbital inflammation of the right eye and head tilt when standing.
  2. B. Cat's eye reflex and yellow discharge from the left eye.
  3. C. Leukokoria and hyphema noted for the right eye.
  4. D. Strabismus in the left eye and light sensitivity in the opposite eye.
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Question 9

A nurse assesses an oral temperature for an adult patient and records that the patient is afebrile. What would be the nurses best response to this finding?

  1. A. Check the patient record for prescribed antipyretic medication.
  2. B. Report the finding to the primary care provider.
  3. C. Take the patient temperature using a different method.
  4. D. No action is necessary; this is a normal reading.
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Question 10

The hormone that increases cardiac output by increasing both the rate and force of cardiac muscle contraction is

  1. A. Aldosterone
  2. B. Adrenaline
  3. C. Angiotensin
  4. D. Thyroxin
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Question 11

You are serving as the preceptor for a newly graduated nurse. As you observe the new nurse for their application of body mechanics principles into client care, you observe that the nurse spreads her legs apart during a transfer with a client. What should you do?

  1. A. Advise the nurse that the legs must be close together for stability during lifting and transfers.
  2. B. Advise the nurse that the legs should be one in front of the other and not spread apart during a transfer.
  3. C. Validate the nurse’s competency in terms of the application of body mechanics principles during a transfer.
  4. D. Validate the nurse’s competency in terms of the application of ergonomics principles during a transfer.
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Question 12

The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's blood pressure. Which action is essential for obtaining an accurate reading?

  1. A. Positioning the patient's arm above the level of the heart.
  2. B. Using a cuff that covers two-thirds of the patient's upper arm.
  3. C. Deflating the cuff at a rate of 5-10 mm Hg per second.
  4. D. Having the patient stand during the measurement.
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Question 13

A 28 year old male is brought to the E He was involved in a fight in which he was beaten with a wooden stick. His chest shows multiple severe bruises. His airway is clear, RR is 22, HR is 126 and systolic BP is 90mmHg. Which one of the following should be performed during the primary survey?

  1. A. "GCS"
  2. B. Cervical spine x-ray
  3. C. TT-administration
  4. D. Blood alcohol level
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Question 14

Which of the following strategies can most help you as a nurse to enhance your ethical practice and client advocacy?

  1. A. reading a book on religions of the world
  2. B. examining and clarifying your own values
  3. C. talking with peers about their beliefs and values
  4. D. buying a nursing book on ethical decisions
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Question 15

When preparing for a change of shift, which document or tools should a healthcare provider use to communicate?

  1. A. SBAR
  2. B. SOAP
  3. C. PIE
  4. D. DAR
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About these LPN exams fundamentals questions

LPN exams fundamentals practice questions, set 58 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.

No. Nursier is independent practice. Register through the official path named on the LPN exams exam guide.

The first five questions already include the rationale. Start full practice to unlock the remaining keys, missed-question review, and the rest of the bank.

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