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LPN exams fundamentals practice questions, set 3

LPN exams · fundamentals

LPN exams fundamentals practice questions set 3

You practice vitals, infection control, documentation, and the first nursing action when a patient is unstable. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the LPN exams exam guide or more LPN exams practice questions.

Five fundamentals questions with answers

Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.

Question 1

In females, the onset of puberty is first marked by

  1. A. Menarche
  2. B. Thelarche
  3. C. Pubarche
  4. D. Adrenarche
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: B — Thelarche

Puberty in females begins with thelarche, the development of breast buds, typically at ages 10-11. Triggered by rising estrogen from ovarian activation via gonadotropins (FSH, LH) from the pituitary, it marks the start of secondary sexual characteristics. Breast budding often appears unilaterally first, reflecting hormonal sensitivity in mammary tissue. Menarche, the first menstrual period, follows 2-3 years later, around 12-13, after significant growth and hormonal maturation, peaking before menstruation starts. Pubarche, pubic hair growth, and adrenarche, adrenal androgen increase, occur later, driven by adrenal and ovarian androgens, not initial puberty onset. Thelarche's precedence reflects the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis activating earlier than adrenal changes. Puberty spans years, completing by 15-17, with thelarche as the visible starting point, followed by growth spurts and reproductive capability. Pediatric endocrinology data confirm this sequence, distinguishing thelarche from later milestones like menarche, which depends on established ovarian cycles, highlighting its role as puberty's initial physical sign.

Question 2

When employees' interest do not precede over the entire organization's interest, the principle of is at work.

  1. A. Stability of Tenure
  2. B. Unity of Command
  3. C. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest
  4. D. Discipline
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: C — Subordination of individual interests to the general interest

The correct answer is C: Subordination of individual interests to the general interest. This principle emphasizes that individual employee interests should align with and be subordinate to the overall goals and interests of the organization. It ensures that decisions and actions taken by employees are in the best interest of the organization as a whole, rather than solely focusing on personal agendas. This principle is essential for organizational success and promotes unity, cohesion, and effectiveness. A: Stability of Tenure refers to providing job security to employees to reduce turnover and increase productivity, but it does not directly address aligning individual interests with the organization's goals. B: Unity of Command states that employees should receive orders from only one superior, which is important for clarity in reporting relationships but does not specifically address aligning individual interests with the organization's goals. D: Discipline is about enforcing rules and regulations to ensure compliance, but it does not necessarily address the alignment of individual interests with the organization's goals.

Question 3

Which statement about carcinogenesis is accurate?

  1. A. An initiated cell will always become clinical cancer.
  2. B. Cancer becomes a health problem once it is 1 cm in size.
  3. C. Normal hormones and proteins do not promote cancer growth.
  4. D. Tumor cells need to develop their own blood supply.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: D — Tumor cells need to develop their own blood supply.

Carcinogenesis is the multi-step process by which normal cells transform into cancer cells, involving initiation, promotion, and progression. A key aspect of this process is angiogenesis, where tumor cells induce the formation of new blood vessels to supply nutrients and oxygen, enabling their growth beyond a minimal size. This is a critical step, as without a blood supply, tumors cannot sustain themselves or expand significantly. The statement that an initiated cell always becomes cancer is inaccurate because initiation alone is not sufficient; it requires promoters to progress. Similarly, the idea that cancer only becomes a problem at 1 cm oversimplifies the issue tumors can pose health risks earlier depending on location and type, though 1 cm is a detectable size. Normal hormones and proteins, like estrogen or growth factors, can indeed act as promoters in carcinogenesis, contradicting that option. Thus, the need for a tumor to develop its own blood supply is the most accurate statement, reflecting a fundamental biological requirement for cancer progression, which nurses must recognize when caring for oncology patients.

Question 4

A nurse inadvertently administers the wrong dose of antibiotic to a patient recovering from surgery. Which of these is the correct course of action for the nurse when documenting this in the patient’s medical record?

  1. A. The nurse should create an incident report and record the facts of the incident in the medical record, but does not have to include an actual copy of the incident report or reference its existence.
  2. B. The nurse should create an incident report and include a copy of the report in the patient’s medical record.
  3. C. The nurse should tell the patient of the incident and ask his or her preference on if an incident report should be created and if one is, it should be included in the patient’s medical record.
  4. D. The nurse should just document the dosage given in the patient’s chart. An incident report is not necessary because it was simply the wrong dosage of a drug that was ordered.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: A — The nurse should create an incident report and record the facts of the incident in the medical record, but does not have to include an actual copy of the incident report or reference its existence.

The correct course of action is Answer A: The nurse should create an incident report and record the facts of the incident in the medical record, but does not have to include an actual copy of the incident report or reference its existence. 1. Creating an incident report is crucial for documenting errors to ensure transparency and learning opportunities within the healthcare system. 2. Recording the facts of the incident in the medical record helps in tracking the error, ensuring proper follow-up, and providing necessary information for future care of the patient. 3. Not including an actual copy of the incident report or referencing its existence helps maintain confidentiality and prevents unnecessary alarm or distress to the patient or other healthcare providers. Incorrect choices: B: Including a copy of the incident report in the patient’s medical record may breach confidentiality and is not necessary for routine documentation. C: Involving the patient in deciding on the incident report is not standard practice and may not always be appropriate in such situations. D: Failing to document the incident properly

Question 5

A mother discusses her concerns about genetic transmission of schizophrenia with the nurse saying, 'My son is a fraternal twin. He has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Will my other son develop schizophrenia, too?' The response that is both sensitive and shows understanding of the genetic component is:

  1. A. You poor woman! I wish I could tell you he will be free of the disorder.'
  2. B. Studies show that 50% of twins develop schizophrenia when it is present in the other twin.'
  3. C. No one can say what will happen, so we will hope for the best for you and your sons.'
  4. D. In fraternal twins, the chance of the other twin developing the disorder is quite small.'
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: D — In fraternal twins, the chance of the other twin developing the disorder is quite small.'

The correct answer is D because it provides an accurate and sensitive response. Fraternal twins do not share the same genetic makeup as identical twins, so the genetic risk for the other twin developing schizophrenia is lower. By acknowledging this fact, the nurse offers reassurance to the mother without giving false hope or inaccurate statistics. This response shows understanding of the genetic component of schizophrenia and addresses the mother's concerns in a compassionate and informative manner. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: This response is dismissive of the mother's concerns and does not provide any helpful information. It also lacks sensitivity and empathy towards the mother's situation. B: This response provides an inaccurate statistic about the likelihood of the other twin developing schizophrenia. It does not consider the difference between identical and fraternal twins, leading to a potentially misleading statement. C: This response is vague and does not address the mother's question directly. It does not provide any useful information or reassurance, leaving the mother uncertain and anxious about

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Question 6

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report (2010) included which recommendations for the nursing profession?

  1. A. Increase collaboration of nurses with the health-care team and increase baccalaureate and doctorally prepared nurses.
  2. B. Reimburse registered nurses (RNs) who acquire certification in their specialty area and increase staff nurse-to-patient ratio in acute care institutions.
  3. C. Identify more cross-training units for more efficient use of RNs in each institution and apply for magnet status to increase consumer interest in agency.
  4. D. Require all acute care institutions to provide tuition reimbursement for associate degree nurses to obtain a bachelor of science in nursing and perform patient satisfaction surveys monthly.
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Question 7

Family members of a patient newly diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia state that they do not understand what caused the patient's illness. The nurse's response should be predicated on the:

  1. A. Neurobiological-genetic model.
  2. B. Stress model.
  3. C. Family theory model.
  4. D. Developmental model.
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Question 8

The nurse is providing care for a 2-month-old infant scheduled for a pyloromyotomy. Which of the following pre-operative actions can the nurse expect to perform? Select all that apply.

  1. A. Allow breastfeeding 1 hr before surgery.
  2. B. Review coagulation study results.
  3. C. Avoid all pre-operative sedation.
  4. D. Keep NPO as ordered before surgery.
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Question 9

The nurse is assessing the mental status of a child. Which statement about children and mental status is true?

  1. A. All aspects of mental status in children are interdependent
  2. B. Children are highly labile and unstable until the age of 2 years
  3. C. Children's mental status is largely a function of their parents' level of functioning until the age of 7 years
  4. D. A child's mental status is impossible to assess until the child develops the ability to concentrate
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Question 10

A patient is admitted to the unit after an automobile accident. The nurse begins the mental status examination and finds that the patient has dysarthric speech and is lethargic. The nurse's best approach regarding this examination is to:

  1. A. Plan to defer the rest of the mental status examination
  2. B. Skip the language portion of the examination, and proceed onto assessing mood and affect
  3. C. Conduct an in-depth speech evaluation, and defer the mental status examination to another time
  4. D. Proceed with the examination, and assess the patient for suicidal thoughts because dysarthria is often accompanied by severe depression
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Question 11

Click to Highlight below the 3 orders that nurse should perform right away Case Studies

  1. A. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter
  2. B. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest
  3. C. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) $500 \mathrm{ml}$, IV, once
  4. D. Laboratory tests: blood culture and sensitivity (C & S), complete blood count (CBC) arterial blood gas (ABG)
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Question 12

The nurse is counseling a female patient who has unsuccessfully attempted to become pregnant through a variety of methods and treatments for infertility. Which psychosocial manifestation is the nurse most likely to recognize?

  1. A. Close connections with extended family
  2. B. Strong intimate relationship with her partner
  3. C. Difficulty accepting pregnancy if it does occur
  4. D. Greater focus on career and job opportunities
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Question 13

A principal comments to the school nurse that it seems there are a lot more problems with asthma among the students than there were before the school was remodeled a couple of years ago. The nurse investigates the principal’s observation by reviewing all the school records to determine visits to the health office because of asthma by week and month for the past 5 years. Which of the following best describes the type of study the nurse is conducting?

  1. A. Descriptive epidemiological study
  2. B. Ecological study
  3. C. Prospective cohort study N UR SI NG T
  4. D. C OM
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Question 14

A nurse is preparing discharge instructions for an 89-year-old client with a stage 4 pressure injury on his coccyx. The caregiver has been trained on wound dressing changes and cleansing. The caregiver asks the nurse how they can prevent infection in the wound. Which answer by the nurse is most appropriate?

  1. A. “Change the wound dressing only once a day.”
  2. B. “Use protective eyewear while changing the wound dressing.”
  3. C. “Pressure injuries rarely cause infections to worry about.”
  4. D. “Wear gloves and use the sterile or aseptic supplies provided to you when changing the client’s dressing.”
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Question 15

Which findings are typical of end-stage renal disease? Select all that apply

  1. A. Iron-deficient anemia
  2. B. Increased albumin levels
  3. C. Decreased creatinine clearance
  4. D. Metabolic acidosis
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About these LPN exams fundamentals questions

LPN exams fundamentals practice questions, set 3 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.

No. Nursier is independent practice. Register through the official path named on the LPN exams exam guide.

The first five questions already include the rationale. Start full practice to unlock the remaining keys, missed-question review, and the rest of the bank.

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