RN exams safety and infection control practice questions, set 15
RN exams · safety and infection control
RN exams safety and infection control practice questionsset 15
You stop the harm first: isolation, falls, equipment, and the order that keeps the unit safe. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the RN exams exam guide or more RN exams practice questions.
Five safety and infection control questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
“FISH†makes it easy to detect chromosome rearrangements because
A. FISH probes only bind to rearranged chromosomes
B. FISH probes cause rearranged chromosomes to have unique colors
C. Chromosomes with rearrangements change color at the “breakpoints†when analyzed by FISH
D. Because FISH are full of rearranged chromosomes
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: C — Chromosomes with rearrangements change color at the “breakpoints†when analyzed by FISH
The correct answer is C because during Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), the fluorescent probes specifically bind to target DNA sequences on chromosomes. When there is a rearrangement, the probes will separate or change color at the breakpoints, indicating the presence of a chromosomal rearrangement. This makes it easy to detect the location and extent of the rearrangement.
Choice A is incorrect because FISH probes can bind to both normal and rearranged chromosomes. Choice B is incorrect because FISH probes do not cause chromosomes to change color; they simply show the presence of rearrangements through color separation. Choice D is incorrect because FISH probes are not full of rearranged chromosomes; they are used to detect rearrangements on chromosomes.
Question 2
The first thing that you should do immediately after a client accident is to:
A. Notify the doctor.
B. Render care.
C. Assess the client.
D. Notify the nurse manager.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: C — Assess the client.
The correct answer is C: Assess the client. This is the first crucial step after an accident to ensure the client's immediate safety and well-being. By assessing the client, you can quickly identify any injuries or medical conditions that require immediate attention. This step helps in determining the appropriate course of action, whether to render care, notify the doctor, or inform the nurse manager.
Choice A (Notify the doctor) is incorrect as assessing the client's condition should precede contacting the doctor. Choice B (Render care) is also incorrect because without proper assessment, providing care may lead to further harm. Choice D (Notify the nurse manager) is not the immediate priority compared to assessing the client's condition for timely intervention.
Question 3
An older adult client has been moved from home to a skilled nursing facility (SNF). Which behavior, demonstrated by this client, indicates a problem with daily functioning?
A. The client eats 80% of meals.
B. The client watches television with others.
C. The client wants to wear one's own clothing.
D. The client will not use the prescribed walker.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — The client will not use the prescribed walker.
The correct answer is D because refusing to use the prescribed walker indicates a problem with mobility and safety, which are crucial aspects of daily functioning for an older adult. This behavior can lead to an increased risk of falls and injury.
A: Eating 80% of meals shows the client's ability to engage in self-care.
B: Watching television with others is a social activity and does not necessarily indicate a problem with daily functioning.
C: Wanting to wear one's own clothing is a personal preference and does not directly affect daily functioning.
In summary, answer choice D is correct because it directly impacts the client's ability to function independently and safely, while the other choices are less critical in determining daily functioning issues.
Question 4
A nurse is teaching a class on torts. The nurse should instruct the class that administering an antibiotic medication to a competent client after the client has refused it is an example of which of the following torts?
A. Assault
B. False imprisonment
C. Negligence
D. Battery
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — Battery
The correct answer is D: Battery. Battery in the context of tort law is the intentional and unauthorized physical contact with another person that results in harm or offense. In this scenario, administering the antibiotic medication to a competent client after they have refused it constitutes unauthorized physical contact, making it a clear example of battery. This act goes against the client's autonomy and right to refuse treatment.
A: Assault involves the threat of physical harm, not the actual physical contact seen in this scenario.
B: False imprisonment involves restricting someone's freedom of movement, which is not applicable here.
C: Negligence refers to a breach of duty of care resulting in harm, but in this case, the action is intentional, not negligent.
Question 5
The nurse is caring for a female client with diarrhea. What information does the nurse teach the client about perineal care?
A. Clean the perineal area from the front to back.
B. Wear gloves while performing perineal self-care.
C. Bathe the perineal area with a mild soap and water.
D. Insert any suppository medication prior to cleaning the perineal area.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Clean the perineal area from the front to back.
The correct answer is A: Clean the perineal area from the front to back. This is crucial to prevent the spread of bacteria from the anal area to the vaginal area, reducing the risk of urinary tract infections. Cleaning from front to back maintains hygiene and minimizes the risk of cross-contamination.
B: Wearing gloves is not necessary for routine perineal care, unless there are open wounds or the nurse is at risk of exposure to bodily fluids.
C: Bathing the perineal area with mild soap and water is generally recommended, but the direction of cleaning is more important to prevent infections.
D: Inserting any suppository medication prior to cleaning the perineal area is not advisable as it may lead to contamination of the medication and reduce its effectiveness.
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Question 6
When planning delegation of tasks to assistive personnel (AP), a nurse considers the five rights of delegation. Which of the following should the nurse consider when using one of the five rights of delegation?
A. The AP's ability to prioritize
B. The AP has the knowledge and skill to perform the task
C. The AP's rapport with clients
D. The AP's ability to complete the task without assistance
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: The AP has the knowledge and skill to perform the task. This is important because delegation should only be done to individuals who are competent and capable of carrying out the assigned tasks safely and effectively. The nurse must assess the AP's knowledge and skills to ensure they are qualified for the task.
A: The AP's ability to prioritize is not directly related to their competence in performing the task at hand.
C: The AP's rapport with clients is important for communication and teamwork but does not determine their ability to perform a specific task.
D: The AP's ability to complete the task without assistance is important, but it does not guarantee that they have the required knowledge and skill to perform the task correctly.
An emergency room charge nurse receives a call regarding a mass casualty event near the hospital and is asked to prepare as many beds as possible for incoming injured clients. Which of the following existing clients should the nurse prepare for discharge?
A. a client receiving oral antibiotics for urinary tract infection
B. a client with COPD and dyspnea
C. a client with new onset heart palpitations
D. a client 60 minutes post suture placement for minor leg laceration
Correct answer:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. The client post suture placement for a minor leg laceration is stable and does not require immediate medical attention.
2. Discharging this client would free up a bed for incoming injured clients from the mass casualty event.
3. This decision ensures that resources are prioritized for those in critical need during the emergency situation.
Summary:
A: Urinary tract infection requires ongoing treatment, not suitable for immediate discharge during a mass casualty event preparation.
B: COPD with dyspnea may deteriorate rapidly, needing constant monitoring and care, not suitable for discharge.
C: New onset heart palpitations could indicate a serious cardiac issue, necessitating further evaluation, not suitable for discharge.
A nurse assesses a client who has a radial artery catheter. Which assessment should the nurse complete first?
A. Amount of pressure in fluid container
B. Date of catheter tubing change
C. Percent of heparin in infusion container
D. Presence of an ulnar pulse
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D: Presence of an ulnar pulse. The nurse should first assess the ulnar pulse because it indicates adequate circulation to the hand. If the ulnar pulse is absent, it suggests compromised blood flow, which could lead to ischemia or tissue damage. This assessment is crucial for ensuring the client's safety and preventing complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Amount of pressure in fluid container - Monitoring pressure is important but not as critical as assessing circulation to the hand.
B: Date of catheter tubing change - Important for infection prevention but not an immediate priority in this situation.
C: Percent of heparin in infusion container - Heparin concentration is important but not as urgent as assessing circulation to the hand.
A nurse is caring for a client who is dying of metastatic breast cancer. She has a prescription for an opioid pain medication PRN. The nurse is concerned that administering a dose of pain medication might hasten the client's death. Which of the following ethical principles should the nurse use to support the decision not to administer the medication?
A. Utilitarianism
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Fidelity
D. Veracity
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of doing no harm. In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize relieving the client's pain and suffering while ensuring that the medication does not cause harm or hasten death. Administering pain medication to provide comfort aligns with the principle of nonmaleficence.
A: Utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall good for the majority, which may conflict with the individual's well-being in this case.
C: Fidelity relates to being faithful and keeping promises, which is not directly applicable to the situation of pain management.
D: Veracity pertains to truth-telling, which is important in communication but not directly relevant to the decision of administering pain medication.
Which situation most closely represents the focus of public health nursing?
A. Assessing the services and effectiveness of the school health clinic
B. Caring for patients after their outpatient surgeries
C. Giving care to schoolchildren at the school clinic and to the children's families
D. Treating pediatric patients at an outpatient clinic
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C because public health nursing focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations, including schoolchildren and their families. Public health nurses provide care not only to individuals but also work to improve the health of communities through education, prevention, and advocacy. Options A, B, and D involve more individual-focused care and do not encompass the broader community and population health perspective that is central to public health nursing. Option A focuses on assessing services, not direct care to populations. Option B involves post-surgical care for individuals. Option D is specific to treating pediatric patients in an outpatient clinic, lacking the community and family-centered approach of public health nursing.
Which situation most closely represents the focus of public health nursing?
A. Assessing the services and effectiveness of the school health clinic
B. Caring for patients after their outpatient surgeries
C. Giving care to schoolchildren at the school clinic and to the children's families
D. Treating pediatric patients at an outpatient clinic
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C because public health nursing focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations, including schoolchildren and their families. Public health nurses provide care not only to individuals but also work to improve the health of communities through education, prevention, and advocacy. Options A, B, and D involve more individual-focused care and do not encompass the broader community and population health perspective that is central to public health nursing. Option A focuses on assessing services, not direct care to populations. Option B involves post-surgical care for individuals. Option D is specific to treating pediatric patients in an outpatient clinic, lacking the community and family-centered approach of public health nursing.
An older adult client has been moved from home to a skilled nursing facility (SNF). Which behavior, demonstrated by this client, indicates a problem with daily functioning?
A. The client eats 80% of meals.
B. The client watches television with others.
C. The client wants to wear one's own clothing.
D. The client will not use the prescribed walker.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D because refusing to use the prescribed walker indicates a problem with mobility and safety, which are crucial aspects of daily functioning for an older adult. This behavior can lead to an increased risk of falls and injury.
A: Eating 80% of meals shows the client's ability to engage in self-care.
B: Watching television with others is a social activity and does not necessarily indicate a problem with daily functioning.
C: Wanting to wear one's own clothing is a personal preference and does not directly affect daily functioning.
In summary, answer choice D is correct because it directly impacts the client's ability to function independently and safely, while the other choices are less critical in determining daily functioning issues.
When planning delegation of tasks to assistive personnel (AP), a nurse considers the five rights of delegation. Which of the following should the nurse consider when using one of the five rights of delegation?
A. The AP's ability to prioritize
B. The AP has the knowledge and skill to perform the task
C. The AP's rapport with clients
D. The AP's ability to complete the task without assistance
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: The AP has the knowledge and skill to perform the task. This is important because delegation should only be done to individuals who are competent and capable of carrying out the assigned tasks safely and effectively. The nurse must assess the AP's knowledge and skills to ensure they are qualified for the task.
A: The AP's ability to prioritize is not directly related to their competence in performing the task at hand.
C: The AP's rapport with clients is important for communication and teamwork but does not determine their ability to perform a specific task.
D: The AP's ability to complete the task without assistance is important, but it does not guarantee that they have the required knowledge and skill to perform the task correctly.
A nurse assesses a client who has a radial artery catheter. Which assessment should the nurse complete first?
A. Amount of pressure in fluid container
B. Date of catheter tubing change
C. Percent of heparin in infusion container
D. Presence of an ulnar pulse
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D: Presence of an ulnar pulse. The nurse should first assess the ulnar pulse because it indicates adequate circulation to the hand. If the ulnar pulse is absent, it suggests compromised blood flow, which could lead to ischemia or tissue damage. This assessment is crucial for ensuring the client's safety and preventing complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Amount of pressure in fluid container - Monitoring pressure is important but not as critical as assessing circulation to the hand.
B: Date of catheter tubing change - Important for infection prevention but not an immediate priority in this situation.
C: Percent of heparin in infusion container - Heparin concentration is important but not as urgent as assessing circulation to the hand.
A nurse is caring for a client who is dying of metastatic breast cancer. She has a prescription for an opioid pain medication PRN. The nurse is concerned that administering a dose of pain medication might hasten the client's death. Which of the following ethical principles should the nurse use to support the decision not to administer the medication?
A. Utilitarianism
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Fidelity
D. Veracity
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of doing no harm. In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize the client's comfort and pain relief without causing harm. Administering the pain medication as needed aligns with this principle by addressing the client's suffering without intentionally hastening death. Utilitarianism (A) focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number, which may not directly apply to the individual client's situation. Fidelity (C) pertains to keeping promises and being faithful, which is important but not the primary ethical principle in this case. Veracity (D) relates to truth-telling, which is also important but not the primary concern when addressing pain management in end-of-life care.
About these RN exams safety and infection control questions
RN exams safety and infection control practice questions, set 15 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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