You pick the legal, honest next step when rights, consent, or a policy collide with a request. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the RN exams exam guide or more RN exams practice questions.
Five ethics questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive an antibiotic drug that causes severe skin damage when infiltrated. The order reads, "infuse over 1 hour by portacath." The nurse accesses the Personal Digital Assistant for software that lists the steps to access a portacath. The nurse is using:
A. electronic health records.
B. point-of-care technology.
C. data management.
D. telehealth.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — point-of-care technology.
The correct answer is B: point-of-care technology. Point-of-care technology refers to tools and devices that assist healthcare providers in delivering care at the patient's bedside. In this scenario, the nurse is accessing a software application on a Personal Digital Assistant to follow steps for accessing a portacath, which is a form of point-of-care technology. This technology enables quick and accurate access to necessary information, ensuring safe and efficient care delivery.
Incorrect choices:
A: Electronic health records (EHR) primarily store patient information and medical history but do not provide real-time guidance on procedures like accessing a portacath.
C: Data management involves organizing and analyzing healthcare data but does not directly assist in patient care tasks like accessing a portacath.
D: Telehealth involves remote healthcare services, which are not relevant to the nurse's immediate task of accessing a portacath.
Question 2
Which action will the public health team take during the Exposure Assessment stage of the EPA's four- step risk assessment following a train derailment resulting in a toxic chemical spill?
A. Identifying potential negative outcomes due to exposure to the toxic chemicals
B. Identifying how the amount of exposure relates to the severity of negative health outcomes
C. Quantifying the extent, frequency, and length of contact of the community with the toxic chemicals
D. Determining how the toxic chemicals are absorbed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: C — Quantifying the extent, frequency, and length of contact of the community with the toxic chemicals
During the Exposure Assessment stage, the public health team quantifies the extent, frequency, and duration of contact of the community with the toxic chemicals. This is crucial to determine the potential health risks posed by the exposure. By quantifying these factors, the team can assess the level of risk to the community accurately.
Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on identifying negative outcomes rather than quantifying exposure levels. Choice B is incorrect as it relates exposure amount to health outcomes, which is more relevant in the Dose-Response Assessment stage. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion stage, which comes after exposure assessment.
In summary, choice C is correct as it directly aligns with the purpose of Exposure Assessment, while the other choices are either not relevant to this stage or belong to different stages of the risk assessment process.
Question 3
An organization's emergency preparedness task force meets to discuss how it should react in case of a terrorist attack and develops a disaster evacuation plan that details how each department will assist individuals in reaching safety. This type of diagram is referred to as a:
A. Pareto chart.
B. control chart.
C. top-down flowchart.
D. deployment chart.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — deployment chart.
The correct answer is D: deployment chart. A deployment chart is used to illustrate how resources or personnel are allocated and utilized during an emergency or disaster situation. In this case, the organization's emergency preparedness task force is detailing how each department will assist individuals in reaching safety, which aligns with the purpose of a deployment chart. It helps visualize the specific roles and responsibilities assigned to each department during an evacuation.
A: Pareto chart is used for prioritizing actions based on the 80/20 rule.
B: Control chart is used for monitoring process variations over time.
C: Top-down flowchart is used to represent the sequence of steps in a process hierarchy.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they do not specifically address the allocation of resources and responsibilities during an emergency evacuation scenario, which is the primary function of a deployment chart.
Question 4
A patient with complicated diabetes is scheduled for a below the knee amputation at 7 AM. The surgical team adheres to the 2012 National Patient Safety Goals by implementing which protocols? (select all that apply)
A. The surgical team asks the patient to verify his or her name, type of surgery, and limb to be removed.
B. Ask each member of the surgical team to provide a copy of licensure and, if applicable, certification to patient and family.
C. The surgical team uses the chart number and name/hospital number to ensure they have the correct patient.
D. Mark the procedure site with "X" and again ask the patient to verify correct site.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — The surgical team asks the patient to verify his or her name, type of surgery, and limb to be removed.
The correct answer is A because it aligns with the 2012 National Patient Safety Goals, specifically the goal of improving the accuracy of patient identification. By asking the patient to confirm their name, type of surgery, and limb to be removed, the surgical team is ensuring that they have the correct patient and are performing the correct procedure. This protocol helps prevent errors and ensures patient safety.
Option B is incorrect because asking for licensure and certification does not directly relate to patient safety or accurate patient identification.
Option C is incorrect because relying solely on chart numbers or hospital numbers may not be sufficient to prevent errors in patient identification.
Option D is incorrect because while marking the procedure site is important, relying solely on the patient to verify the correct site may not be as effective as having the healthcare team confirm this information with the patient.
Question 5
A high school graduate has decided to pursue a career in public health nursing. Which represents the minimum educational credential that this student will need to obtain entry into public health nursing practice?
A. Associate's
B. Baccalaureate
C. Master's
D. Doctorate
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — Baccalaureate
The correct answer is B: Baccalaureate. A baccalaureate degree in nursing (BSN) is the minimum educational credential required for entry into public health nursing practice. This level of education provides the necessary knowledge and skills to address the complex healthcare needs of communities. A BSN program includes coursework in public health nursing, community health, epidemiology, and health promotion. It also prepares students for leadership roles and critical thinking in public health settings.
Summary:
A: An associate's degree in nursing may allow entry into general nursing practice but is not sufficient for public health nursing due to the specialized knowledge required.
C: A master's degree in nursing is not the minimum requirement for entry-level public health nursing practice.
D: A doctorate in nursing is not necessary for entry-level public health nursing practice and is typically pursued for advanced practice roles.
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Question 6
A person who is covered by Medicaid moves from one state to another and asks the nurse at the health department why the benefits changed. The correct response by the nurse is:
A. "Local government controls which benefits each county can provide to Medicaid recipients."
B. "The federal government does not fund any part of Medicaid, so each state must find ways to pay for benefits."
C. "Each state determines benefits on the basis of the present economy."
D. "Medicaid is funded by both state and federal governments, but benefits vary from state to state."
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D: "Medicaid is funded by both state and federal governments, but benefits vary from state to state."
Rationale:
1. Medicaid is a joint federal and state program, meaning it is funded by both levels of government.
2. States have flexibility in designing and administering their Medicaid programs, leading to variations in benefits across states.
3. When an individual covered by Medicaid moves to a different state, they may experience changes in benefits due to these state-specific variations.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. While local governments may have some influence, Medicaid is primarily funded by both state and federal governments.
B: Incorrect. The federal government does provide funding for Medicaid, but states also contribute, and benefits do vary across states.
C: Incorrect. State benefits under Medicaid are not solely determined by the present economy; they are influenced by various factors and state policies.
A high school graduate has decided to pursue a career in public health nursing. Which represents the minimum educational credential that this student will need to obtain entry into public health nursing practice?
A. Associate's
B. Baccalaureate
C. Master's
D. Doctorate
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Baccalaureate. A baccalaureate degree in nursing (BSN) is the minimum educational credential required for entry into public health nursing practice. This level of education provides the necessary knowledge and skills to address the complex healthcare needs of communities. A BSN program includes coursework in public health nursing, community health, epidemiology, and health promotion. It also prepares students for leadership roles and critical thinking in public health settings.
Summary:
A: An associate's degree in nursing may allow entry into general nursing practice but is not sufficient for public health nursing due to the specialized knowledge required.
C: A master's degree in nursing is not the minimum requirement for entry-level public health nursing practice.
D: A doctorate in nursing is not necessary for entry-level public health nursing practice and is typically pursued for advanced practice roles.
Throughout their careers, nurses are in an ongoing state of acculturation, gaining experience from formal nursing school classes, clinical experiences, and the ethical issues they encounter in their clinical practice. The ideal outcomes of these ongoing experiences with cultural decision making include: (select all that apply)
A. increased trustworthiness.
B. enhanced ability to take into consideration many aspects of ethical situations.
C. confidence to make decisions based on experience and ethical intelligence.
D. improved clinical decision making and advocacy for patient autonomy.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: increased trustworthiness. Acculturation in nursing involves gaining experience and knowledge from various sources, leading to increased credibility and trustworthiness among patients, colleagues, and the healthcare team. This ongoing process helps nurses build rapport and establish trust with diverse patient populations.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: While enhanced ability to consider many aspects of ethical situations is important in nursing, it is not directly related to the outcome of increased trustworthiness.
C: Confidence in making decisions based on experience and ethical intelligence is valuable, but it does not directly lead to increased trustworthiness.
D: Improved clinical decision making and advocacy for patient autonomy are crucial aspects of nursing practice, but they do not specifically address the outcome of increased trustworthiness that comes from acculturation.
A patient experiences migraine headaches that are not relieved by traditional Western medical practices. The family physician suggests acupuncture, which: (select all that apply)
A. is based on the belief that meridians are vital for life, and when they are out of balance, pain occurs.
B. uses strategically placed, slender needles for pain relief.
C. uses breathing exercises and meditation to relieve pain.
D. corrects metabolic imbalance through purification regimens.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A because acupuncture is indeed based on the belief that meridians, energy pathways in the body, are vital for life and when they are out of balance, pain occurs. Acupuncture aims to restore the balance of these meridians to alleviate pain.
Explanation:
1. Acupuncture theory is rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which emphasizes the flow of energy (Qi) along meridians.
2. By inserting needles at specific points along the meridians, acupuncturists aim to restore the balance of Qi and alleviate pain.
3. Meridian theory is fundamental to the practice of acupuncture and differentiates it from other pain relief modalities.
4. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the core principles of acupuncture and how it works.
Summary:
Option A is correct because it aligns with the foundational principles of acupuncture, focusing on meridians and energy balance. Options B, C, and D are
A nurse is having difficulty managing assignments at work, which results in a feeling of "failure" and tasks that are not completed or that are not completed satisfactorily. The mentor suggests some tips for time management. These include: (select all that apply)
A. focusing on activities to be completed, rather than on objectives.
B. planning for tomorrow today.
C. making certain that the last hours are the most productive in tying up loose ends.
D. maintaining a log of how the nurse spends time (no need to worry about using complete sentences).
Correct answer:
Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct:
1. Planning for tomorrow today allows the nurse to set clear goals and prioritize tasks in advance.
2. By planning ahead, the nurse can allocate time efficiently, reducing the feeling of overwhelm.
3. This approach fosters better organization and focus, enhancing productivity and task completion.
4. Planning helps in identifying potential obstacles and developing strategies to overcome them.
5. Ultimately, effective planning leads to better time management and a sense of accomplishment.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Focusing on activities rather than objectives can lead to a lack of direction and prioritization.
C: Making the last hours most productive neglects the importance of consistent time management throughout the day.
D: Maintaining a log of time spent can be helpful but does not address the proactive approach of planning ahead for better time management.
An orthopedic unit is considering different types of care delivery models and staff have an opportunity to ask questions about how the models differ. The nurse manager provides an overview and uses the above visual to demonstrate which model of care delivery?
A. Team
B. Partnership
C. Primary
D. Functional
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Team. In a team care delivery model, multiple healthcare professionals work collaboratively to provide comprehensive care to patients. This is demonstrated in the visual of the orthopedic unit considering different types of care delivery models. The team model emphasizes teamwork, communication, and coordination among healthcare providers to ensure holistic patient care.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Partnership typically involves collaboration between healthcare providers and patients but may not necessarily involve multiple healthcare professionals working together as a team.
C: Primary care delivery model focuses on the patient's main point of contact, usually a primary care physician, rather than a team approach.
D: Functional care delivery model organizes care based on specific functions or tasks, which may not emphasize the collaborative teamwork seen in a team care delivery model.
The nurse prepares to apply sterile gloves needed for a procedure. After introducing self and verifying patient information, the nurse performs hand hygiene. The nurse should open the outer package and then perform the following steps in order: (items on left will be moved in correct order on the right) Open inner package, taking care not to touch inner surface. Put the glove on the nondominant hand using the sterile gloved hand. Put glove on dominant hand by grasping folded cuff edge, touching only inside of cuff. Adjust each glove carefully by sliding finders under the cuffs. The above question represents which type of alternate-format question written at which level of Bloom's taxonomy?
A. Drag-and-drop item, comprehension
B. Chart/exhibit item, analysis
C. Multiple-response, application
D. Hot-spot item, knowledge
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Drag-and-drop item, comprehension. This question requires the nurse to demonstrate understanding of the correct sequence for applying sterile gloves. The drag-and-drop format assesses the ability to organize steps in a specific order, which falls under the comprehension level of Bloom's taxonomy, where the individual is required to understand the information provided. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Chart/exhibit item, analysis - This choice involves interpreting data or information presented in a chart or exhibit, which is not the case in this question.
C: Multiple-response, application - This choice requires selecting multiple correct responses to a scenario, which is not the format of this question.
D: Hot-spot item, knowledge - This choice involves identifying a specific area or point on an image, which is not relevant to the question about the correct sequence for applying sterile gloves.
In the United States, the system of healthcare has historically given and continues to give stronger support to which types of care?
A. Individual care with a focus on cure
B. Community care with a focus on cure
C. Individual care with a focus on prevention
D. Community care with a focus on prevention
Correct answer:
Step-by-step rationale:
1. Historically, US healthcare system emphasizes individual care over community care.
2. The focus is on providing treatment and cure for individual patients.
3. This approach is reflected in the dominant fee-for-service model.
4. Preventive care has gained importance recently but historically, focus has been on curative care.
5. Therefore, choice A is correct as it aligns with the historical emphasis on individual care and cure.
Summary:
A: Individual care with a focus on cure - Correct. Reflects historical emphasis on curative care.
B: Community care with a focus on cure - Incorrect. US system historically prioritizes individual care.
C: Individual care with a focus on prevention - Incorrect. Although prevention is important, historical emphasis is on cure.
D: Community care with a focus on prevention - Incorrect. US system traditionally focuses more on individual care than community care.
Nurses, physicians, and social workers finalize the plan of care and coordinate discharge for a homeless person who will need wound care and follow up over the next 4 weeks. Each member contributes based on his or her area of expertise but also recognize other members' strengths. Which of the QSEN competencies are being demonstrated?
A. Quality improvement
B. Evidence-based practice
C. Teamwork and collaboration
D. Patient-centered care
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Teamwork and collaboration. This is demonstrated as the nurses, physicians, and social workers work together to finalize the care plan and coordinate discharge for the homeless person. Each member contributes based on their expertise, recognizing and utilizing the strengths of other team members. This showcases effective communication, mutual respect, and shared decision-making, which are key aspects of teamwork and collaboration.
Summary of other choices:
A: Quality improvement - Not directly related to the collaborative effort described in the scenario.
B: Evidence-based practice - While important, this choice does not specifically address the interprofessional collaboration demonstrated in the scenario.
D: Patient-centered care - While important in overall patient care, this choice does not specifically address the teamwork and collaboration among the healthcare professionals in this scenario.
The Health Care Reform Act provides insurance for all U.S. citizens and legal residents presenting far-reaching ethical considerations related to diverse individual patient health care beliefs for those delivering nursing care. Nurses must consider their civil rights under the rights of conscience and how new health care agendas such as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) could affect their practice in situations that may conflict with their own belief system. Today's practicing nurse must:
A. remember it is one's professional duty to render patient-centered care"even when it is in direct conflict with the nurse's own beliefs"or be held liable for withholding treatment.
B. consider whether the right to act according to one's inner beliefs will continue to be permissible when federal health insurance becomes fully enacted.
C. discuss with the patient and family different options in hopes they will accept the nurse's health care beliefs.
D. suggest to the hospital administration that they not accept federal funding to prevent controversial health practices.
Correct answer:
Step-by-step rationale for why answer A is correct:
1. Professional duty: Nurses have a duty to provide patient-centered care regardless of personal beliefs.
2. Legal liability: Withholding treatment based on personal beliefs can lead to legal consequences.
3. Ethical considerations: Nurses must prioritize patient care over personal beliefs.
4. Rights of conscience: Nurses may have the right to refuse to participate in certain treatments, but they must still ensure patient care.
5. Patient-centered care: Nurses must respect patient autonomy and provide care based on the patient's wishes.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B. Irrelevant to the nurse's duty to provide patient-centered care.
C. Nurses should not impose their beliefs on patients but should respect and support their choices.
D. Suggesting the hospital not accept federal funding does not address the nurse's duty to provide patient-centered care.
RN exams ethics practice questions, set 7 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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