RN exams community health practice questions, set 26
RN exams · community health
RN exams community health practice questionsset 26
You think beyond the bed: populations, culture, and the referral that actually gets used. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the RN exams exam guide or more RN exams practice questions.
Five community health questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
A principal comments to the school nurse that it seems there are a lot more problems with asthma among the students than there were before the school was remodeled and expanded a couple of years ago. The nurse decides to check on the principal's observation by reviewing all the school records to determine visits to the health office because of asthma by week and month for the past 5 years. What sort of study is the nurse doing?
A. Descriptive epidemiological study
B. Ecological study
C. Prospective cohort study
D. Retrospective cohort study
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Descriptive epidemiological study
The correct answer is A: Descriptive epidemiological study. In this scenario, the nurse is conducting a study to describe the frequency and distribution of asthma-related health office visits among students over the past 5 years. This type of study aims to summarize data and identify patterns without making causal inferences. It helps in understanding the health issue's prevalence and trends within the school population.
Choice B: Ecological study involves analyzing data at the group level, such as comparing different populations or locations. It is not applicable in this context as the focus is on individual health office visits.
Choices C and D: Prospective and retrospective cohort studies involve following individuals over time to assess the relationship between an exposure and an outcome. Since the nurse is not following individuals longitudinally in this scenario, these choices are not relevant.
Question 2
Nurse Jasmine provides a list of instructions to a client being discharged to home with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). The nurse determines that the client needs further instructions if the client made which statement?
A. I need to wear a MedicAlert tag or bracelet.
B. I need to restrict my activity while this catheter is in place.
C. I need to keep the insertion site protected when in the shower or bath.
D. I need to check the markings on the catheter each time the dressing is changed.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — I need to restrict my activity while this catheter is in place.
The correct answer is B: "I need to restrict my activity while this catheter is in place." This statement is incorrect because clients with a PICC line do not need to restrict their activity. They can resume normal activities as tolerated unless otherwise instructed by their healthcare provider. Restricting activity unnecessarily can lead to deconditioning and reduced quality of life.
A: "I need to wear a MedicAlert tag or bracelet." - This is a correct statement as it helps alert healthcare providers about the presence of the PICC line in case of an emergency.
C: "I need to keep the insertion site protected when in the shower or bath." - This is a correct statement to prevent infection and maintain the integrity of the PICC line.
D: "I need to check the markings on the catheter each time the dressing is changed." - This is a correct statement as it helps ensure the catheter is in the correct position.
Question 3
Congress's legal base for actions in health care includes which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A. Providing for the general welfare
B. Raising funds to support research
C. Regulating commerce among the states
D. Providing spending power
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Providing for the general welfare
The correct answer is A: Providing for the general welfare. This is derived from the General Welfare Clause in the US Constitution, granting Congress the authority to pass laws for the general welfare of the country. This clause has been interpreted broadly to include legislation related to health care.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Raising funds to support research - While Congress can allocate funds for research purposes, it is not the primary legal basis for actions in health care.
C: Regulating commerce among the states - This refers to the Commerce Clause, which gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, but it is not the primary legal basis for health care legislation.
D: Providing spending power - While Congress has the power to allocate funds for various purposes, including health care, the primary legal basis for health care actions lies in the General Welfare Clause.
Question 4
A school health nurse plans to use evidence-based practice (EBP) to guide the development of health education programs most likely to increase retention of learning in elementary schoolchildren. Which of the following would be the best way to use EBP in this situation?
A. Ask other school health nurses what they included in their own education programs.
B. Compare and contrast randomized controlled trials related to learning in elementary schoolchildren.
C. Develop a series of games to accompany the programs developed to promote health.
D. Seek out and examine health education programs for elementary schoolchildren on the Internet.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — Compare and contrast randomized controlled trials related to learning in elementary schoolchildren.
The correct answer is B: Compare and contrast randomized controlled trials related to learning in elementary schoolchildren.
Rationale:
1. EBP involves integrating best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient values.
2. Randomized controlled trials are considered the gold standard in research for establishing causation and effectiveness.
3. By comparing and contrasting such trials, the nurse can identify the most effective health education programs for elementary schoolchildren based on scientific evidence.
4. This method ensures the programs are based on proven strategies, increasing the likelihood of improving retention of learning.
Summary:
- Choice A is not ideal as it relies on anecdotal evidence rather than scientific research.
- Choice C may enhance engagement but does not guarantee effective learning retention.
- Choice D lacks the critical evaluation of evidence necessary for EBP.
Question 5
According to Campinha-Bacote's "Process of Cultural Competemility in the Delivery of Healthcare Services" model, which question by a nurse represents the "E" in the mnemonic "A-S-K-E-D" for self-examination?
A. "Am I aware of my prejudices and biases and the presence of racism and other ‘isms'?"
B. "Do I know how to conduct a culturally specific history, physical, mental health, medication, and spiritual assessment in a culturally sensitive manner?"
C. "Do I have knowledge regarding different cultures' worldviews, the field of biocultural ecology, and the importance of addressing social determinants of health?"
D. "Do I have sacred and unremitting encounters with people from cultures different from mine, and am I committed to resolving cross-cultural conflicts?"
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — "Am I aware of my prejudices and biases and the presence of racism and other ‘isms'?"
Step 1: The "E" in the "A-S-K-E-D" mnemonic stands for "Examine your biases and prejudices."
Step 2: Answer choice A directly addresses this aspect by asking, "Am I aware of my prejudices and biases and the presence of racism and other 'isms'?"
Step 3: This question prompts the nurse to reflect on their own potential biases and prejudices, which is crucial for providing culturally competent care.
Step 4: Therefore, answer choice A is the correct choice as it aligns with the specific aspect of self-examination related to addressing biases and prejudices.
Summary:
- Choice B focuses on conducting assessments in a culturally sensitive manner, not on examining biases.
- Choice C emphasizes knowledge about different cultures, not self-reflection on biases.
- Choice D talks about resolving conflicts and interacting with different cultures, but not specifically about examining biases and prejudices.
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Question 6
State whether the following statements are true or false concerning decision-making process:
A. Thorough analysis of various alternatives offers a better outcome
B. Prolonging deliberations about a decision increases clarity of data.
C. TRUE
D. FALSE
Correct answer:
Rationale for choice A being correct: Thorough analysis of various alternatives in the decision-making process allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the pros and cons, leading to a better outcome. This process helps in identifying potential risks, benefits, and consequences associated with each alternative, enabling decision-makers to make a well-informed choice. It also minimizes the chances of overlooking important factors that could affect the decision's success.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
- B: Prolonging deliberations can lead to analysis paralysis and hinder decision-making by causing confusion and delaying action.
- C: Simply stating "TRUE" without context or explanation does not provide any meaningful insight into the decision-making process.
- D: Simply stating "FALSE" without context or explanation does not provide any meaningful insight into the decision-making process.
A nurse working in a community health setting is performing primary health screenings. Which individual is at highest risk for contracting an HIV infection? COMMUNITY HEALTH PRACTICE EXAM - VERSION A
A. A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners.
B. A 45-year-old lesbian who has been sexually active with two partners in the past year.
C. A 30-year-old cocaine user who inhales the drug and works in a topless bar.
D. A 34-year-old male homosexual who is in a monogamous relationship.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners. This individual is at highest risk for contracting HIV due to engaging in unprotected sex with multiple partners, increasing the likelihood of exposure to the virus. Adolescents are a high-risk group due to factors like peer pressure, lack of awareness, and inconsistent condom use.
Summary of other choices:
B: A 45-year-old lesbian with two partners in the past year - Lesbian sexual activity has a lower risk of HIV transmission compared to heterosexual or male homosexual activity.
C: A 30-year-old cocaine user who works in a topless bar - Cocaine use and working in a topless bar do not directly increase the risk of HIV transmission.
D: A 34-year-old male homosexual in a monogamous relationship - Being in a monogamous relationship reduces the risk of contracting HIV compared to individuals with multiple sexual partners.
What differentiates the Psychiatric-Mental Health Registered Nurse (RN-PMH) from the Psychiatric-Mental Health Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN-PMH)?
A. Only the APRN-PMH is responsible for milieu management.
B. The APRN-PMH exercises a greater degree of autonomy when providing care.
C. Only the RN-PMH provides medication education to the client.
D. The RN-PMH has less experience working with the mentally ill.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: The APRN-PMH exercises a greater degree of autonomy when providing care. This is because an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN-PMH) has advanced education and training, allowing them to diagnose, prescribe medications, and provide comprehensive psychiatric care independently. This higher level of autonomy distinguishes them from Registered Nurses (RN-PMH) who work under the supervision of APRNs or physicians.
Incorrect choices:
A: Only the APRN-PMH is responsible for milieu management - Incorrect, as RN-PMH can also be responsible for milieu management in psychiatric settings.
C: Only the RN-PMH provides medication education to the client - Incorrect, as APRN-PMH can also provide medication education.
D: The RN-PMH has less experience working with the mentally ill - Incorrect, as experience levels can vary among individuals regardless of their title as RN-PMH or APRN-PMH.
A principal comments to the school nurse that it seems there are a lot more problems with asthma among the students than there were before the school was remodeled and expanded a couple of years ago. The nurse decides to check on the principal's observation by reviewing all the school records to determine visits to the health office because of asthma by week and month for the past 5 years. What sort of study is the nurse doing?
A. Descriptive epidemiological study
B. Ecological study
C. Prospective cohort study
D. Retrospective cohort study
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Descriptive epidemiological study. In this scenario, the nurse is conducting a study to describe the frequency and distribution of asthma-related health office visits among students over the past 5 years. This type of study aims to summarize data and identify patterns without making causal inferences. It helps in understanding the health issue's prevalence and trends within the school population.
Choice B: Ecological study involves analyzing data at the group level, such as comparing different populations or locations. It is not applicable in this context as the focus is on individual health office visits.
Choices C and D: Prospective and retrospective cohort studies involve following individuals over time to assess the relationship between an exposure and an outcome. Since the nurse is not following individuals longitudinally in this scenario, these choices are not relevant.
What designation is given to groups at high risk of having poor health outcomes?
A. Cumulative risk groups
B. Health disparity groups
C. Resilient populations
D. Vulnerable populations
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D: Vulnerable populations. Vulnerable populations are groups at high risk of experiencing poor health outcomes due to various factors such as socioeconomic status, lack of access to healthcare, discrimination, and underlying health conditions. This term encompasses a wide range of individuals who are more susceptible to adverse health outcomes.
A: Cumulative risk groups do not specifically highlight the increased susceptibility to poor health outcomes.
B: Health disparity groups focus on differences in health outcomes among various populations but do not necessarily indicate the level of risk.
C: Resilient populations refer to groups that can adapt and overcome challenges, which is the opposite of being at high risk for poor health outcomes.
In summary, vulnerable populations accurately describe groups facing increased risks of poor health outcomes, making it the correct choice.
Which major public health law passed in 1970 established the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States?
A. The Clean Air Act
B. The National Environmental Policy Act
C. The Environmental Protection Agency Act
D. The Toxic Substances Control Act
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: The Environmental Protection Agency Act. This law, passed in 1970, specifically established the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States. The EPA was created to protect human health and the environment by enforcing regulations related to pollution control, environmental assessments, and more.
Explanation:
1. The Clean Air Act (A) focuses on air pollution control and was passed in 1970 as well, but it did not establish the EPA.
2. The National Environmental Policy Act (B) requires federal agencies to consider environmental impacts in decision-making but did not establish the EPA.
3. The Toxic Substances Control Act (D) regulates chemicals but was passed in 1976 and did not establish the EPA.
In summary, the correct answer is C because it directly established the EPA in 1970, while the other choices are focused on different aspects of environmental regulation.
The nurse is documenting the medical history of a young adult who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day, and his father died of a heart attack at the age of 45. Which annual screening is most important for the nurse to include?
A. peripheral neuropathy
B. renal insufficiency
C. retinopathy
D. hyperlipidemia
Correct answer:
The most important annual screening for the nurse to include is hyperlipidemia. Given the client's smoking history, family history of premature heart disease, and the increased risk of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes, screening for hyperlipidemia is crucial. This screening is essential in assessing the client's risk of developing cardiovascular disease, which is a significant concern in this case. Peripheral neuropathy (choice A) is a common long-term complication of diabetes but may not be the most immediate concern in this scenario. Renal insufficiency (choice B) is also a complication of diabetes, but given the client's high cardiovascular risk, hyperlipidemia screening takes priority. Retinopathy (choice C) is an important complication of diabetes affecting the eyes, but in this case, focusing on cardiovascular risk assessment through hyperlipidemia screening is more critical.
Which of the following laws established programs for provision of health services for women and children and supported community-oriented nursing practice?
A. Early Periodic Screening and Developmental Testing (EPSDT) Initiative
B. Healthy People 2000 Initiative
C. Sheppard-Towner Act
D. State Child Health Improvement Act (SCHIP)
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Sheppard-Towner Act. This law, enacted in 1921, established programs for providing health services to women and children, focusing on maternal and child health. It supported community-oriented nursing practice by funding public health nurses to provide services to underserved populations.
A) Early Periodic Screening and Developmental Testing (EPSDT) Initiative focuses on preventive and screening services for Medicaid-eligible children, not specifically for women and children.
B) Healthy People 2000 Initiative is a national health promotion and disease prevention agenda, not specifically focused on women and children.
D) State Child Health Improvement Act (SCHIP) expanded health insurance coverage for children in low-income families, but it did not establish programs for provision of health services for women and children or support community-oriented nursing practice.
The appropriate order of steps in active management of the third stage of labor include:
A. Cord clamping and cutting, controlled cord traction, ergometrine administration, and inspection to be sure the placenta is intact.
B. Intravenous oxytocin, cord clamping and cutting, and fundal massage
C. Intramuscular injection oxytocin, controlled cord traction with counter traction to the uterus, uterine massage
D. Controlled cord traction, fundal massage and oxytocin
Correct answer:
The correct order of steps in active management of the third stage of labor includes: 1) Intramuscular injection of oxytocin to prevent postpartum hemorrhage, 2) Controlled cord traction with counter traction to the uterus to facilitate placental delivery, and 3) Uterine massage to aid in uterine contraction and reduce bleeding.
Rationale for Correct Answer (C):
- Intramuscular oxytocin is administered first to prevent excessive bleeding.
- Controlled cord traction with counter traction assists in the gentle delivery of the placenta.
- Uterine massage helps the uterus contract and reduce the risk of hemorrhage.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
- A (Incorrect): Incorrect order of steps, ergometrine administration is not recommended.
- B (Incorrect): Incorrect order, fundal massage should be done after cord traction.
- D (Incorrect): Incorrect order, oxytocin should be administered before cord traction.
State whether the following statements are true or false concerning decision-making process:
A. Thorough analysis of various alternatives offers a better outcome
B. Prolonging deliberations about a decision increases clarity of data.
C. TRUE
D. FALSE
Correct answer:
Rationale for choice A being correct: Thorough analysis of various alternatives in the decision-making process allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the pros and cons, leading to a better outcome. This process helps in identifying potential risks, benefits, and consequences associated with each alternative, enabling decision-makers to make a well-informed choice. It also minimizes the chances of overlooking important factors that could affect the decision's success.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
- B: Prolonging deliberations can lead to analysis paralysis and hinder decision-making by causing confusion and delaying action.
- C: Simply stating "TRUE" without context or explanation does not provide any meaningful insight into the decision-making process.
- D: Simply stating "FALSE" without context or explanation does not provide any meaningful insight into the decision-making process.
RN exams community health practice questions, set 26 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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