RN exams community health practice questions set 24

Correct answer:

The nursing diagnosis of Activity Intolerance is the most appropriate for a client with a cardiac dysrhythmia who reports being easily fatigued and having difficulty performing normal daily activities. Cardiac dysrhythmias can lead to decreased cardiac output, which can result in reduced oxygen delivery to the body's tissues, contributing to fatigue and weakness. Activity Intolerance is defined as the state in which an individual experiences or is at risk of experiencing insufficient physiological or psychological energy to endure or complete daily activities. This diagnosis is fitting for the client's inability to perform normal daily activities due to the cardiac dysrhythmia-induced fatigue and weakness. Addressing Activity Intolerance will involve collaborating with the client to set achievable activity goals and incorporating periods of rest to enhance tolerance to physical activity and improve overall function.

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The correct answer is B: "There are many differences between Hispanic subcultures." This answer demonstrates an understanding of the complexity and diversity within the Hispanic community, emphasizing that there is not a monolithic Hispanic culture but rather various subcultures with distinct customs, traditions, and beliefs. Understanding these differences is crucial for providing culturally competent care. Rationale: 1. Option A focuses on language proficiency, not cultural diversity. 2. Option C mentions religious needs but does not address the broader complexity of Hispanic culture. 3. Option D makes a generalization about Hispanic children, not addressing the diversity within Hispanic communities. In summary, the correct answer acknowledges and respects the diverse nature of Hispanic subcultures, highlighting the importance of recognizing and understanding these differences to provide effective care.

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The correct approach is C: Provide education that emphasizes personal responsibility and positive peer influence. This approach is effective with adolescents as it promotes empowerment, accountability, and positive social support. Educating them about personal responsibility helps them understand the consequences of their actions and encourages them to make informed choices. Emphasizing positive peer influence reinforces the importance of surrounding themselves with supportive friends. Incorrect answers: A: Punishment may lead to resentment and resistance in adolescents, hindering the development of a trusting relationship. B: Scare tactics can create fear and anxiety, but may not result in sustained behavior change and could lead to rebellious behavior. D: Avoiding the topic of risky behaviors fails to address the issue and misses the opportunity to engage adolescents in meaningful discussions and interventions.

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The correct answer is C: Number of people without access to healthcare. This should be the highest priority as it directly addresses a fundamental issue of healthcare accessibility and equity. Without access to healthcare, individuals cannot receive necessary medical care, leading to poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare disparities. Choice A (Overuse of diagnostic technology) is not the highest priority as it focuses on efficiency rather than accessibility. Choice B (Government-based health insurance) is important but does not directly address the issue of lack of access to healthcare. Choice D (The neonatal and infant mortality rates) is also important but does not target the root cause of lack of access to healthcare for the general population. Prioritizing addressing the number of people without access to healthcare will help improve overall health outcomes and reduce disparities in the community.

Correct answer:

The correct answer is C because asking the child what she does at home after school can provide insights into her social interactions, interests, and possible reasons for not having friends at school. This approach allows the nurse to understand the child's daily routine, activities, and possible areas for intervention or support. A: Asking the child directly why she doesn't have friends may not yield accurate information as the child may not be able to articulate her feelings or may not be comfortable discussing the issue openly. B: Inquiring about the younger children's friendships is not relevant to understanding the oldest child's situation and may not provide meaningful insights. D: Involving the teacher or counselor without understanding the child's perspective first may not address the underlying reasons for her lack of friends and may not be the most appropriate initial step in the assessment process.

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The correct answer is A because stabilizing the patient's vital signs is the top priority in this critical situation. A blood pressure of 66/40 mm Hg indicates severe hypotension, which can lead to organ failure. A pulse of 140 bpm and shallow respirations of 8 bpm indicate poor perfusion and respiratory distress. Achieving a BP greater than 90/60 mm Hg, P less than 100 bpm, and respirations at or above 12 bpm indicates improved perfusion and oxygenation, which are crucial for the patient's survival. Option B is incorrect as achieving a drug-free state is not the immediate priority in an overdose situation. Option C is incorrect as attending Narcotics Anonymous meetings is important for long-term recovery but not the immediate priority. Option D is incorrect as identifying community resources for substance abuse treatment is important but not as critical as stabilizing the vital signs in an overdose situation.

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The correct answer is A: "Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?" This question reflects an understanding of the role of a public health nurse as it shows a focus on population health and identifying high-risk groups for targeted interventions. Public health nurses prioritize prevention and health promotion for communities, making this question relevant. The other choices are incorrect: B: "Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?" is more aligned with a hospital or clinical setting where individual patient care is emphasized. C: "With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?" is more relevant to a nurse working in a hospital setting where collaboration with physicians is key. D: "With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?" is more suitable for a nurse working in a clinical setting where teamwork with nursing assistants is important for daily patient care tasks.

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The correct answer is C. When a patient has AIDS, it is crucial to avoid sharing personal items like toothbrushes and razors to prevent the transmission of infections. This is because these items can potentially transfer blood or bodily fluids, increasing the risk of spreading infections or diseases. By instructing the patient to avoid sharing such articles, the nurse is promoting infection control and protecting both the patient and others from potential harm. Choice A is incorrect because wearing disposable gloves before bathing is unnecessary unless there are open wounds or skin lesions that need to be protected. Choice B is incorrect as sterilizing plates and utensils in boiling water is not a necessary precaution for someone with AIDS. Choice D is incorrect as avoiding eating foods from shared serving dishes is not as critical as avoiding sharing personal items that have direct contact with bodily fluids.

Correct answer:

The correct answer is C: Number of people without access to healthcare. This should be the highest priority as it directly addresses a fundamental issue of healthcare accessibility and equity. Without access to healthcare, individuals cannot receive necessary medical care, leading to poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare disparities. Choice A (Overuse of diagnostic technology) is not the highest priority as it focuses on efficiency rather than accessibility. Choice B (Government-based health insurance) is important but does not directly address the issue of lack of access to healthcare. Choice D (The neonatal and infant mortality rates) is also important but does not target the root cause of lack of access to healthcare for the general population. Prioritizing addressing the number of people without access to healthcare will help improve overall health outcomes and reduce disparities in the community.

Correct answer:

The correct answer is B: "I need to restrict my activity while this catheter is in place." This statement is incorrect because clients with a PICC line do not need to restrict their activity. They can resume normal activities as tolerated unless otherwise instructed by their healthcare provider. Restricting activity unnecessarily can lead to deconditioning and reduced quality of life. A: "I need to wear a MedicAlert tag or bracelet." - This is a correct statement as it helps alert healthcare providers about the presence of the PICC line in case of an emergency. C: "I need to keep the insertion site protected when in the shower or bath." - This is a correct statement to prevent infection and maintain the integrity of the PICC line. D: "I need to check the markings on the catheter each time the dressing is changed." - This is a correct statement as it helps ensure the catheter is in the correct position.