You choose the therapeutic response, the safety priority, and the cue that means the patient is getting worse. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the LPN exams exam guide or more LPN exams practice questions.
Five mental health questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
Which assessment finding should the nurse expect in a client with acute stress disorder (ASD)?
A. Inability to remember details of the traumatic event.
B. A stable heart rate and blood pressure.
C. Euphoric mood and increased energy.
D. Hyperactivity and distractibility.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Inability to remember details of the traumatic event.
Choice A rationale: Clients with acute stress disorder (ASD) often experience dissociation, which can lead to an inability to remember crucial details of the traumatic event. This is known as dissociative amnesia and is a hallmark symptom of ASD. The traumatic event is typically encoded in fragmented or incomplete memories due to the intense stress and emotional impact it carries. Choice B rationale: A stable heart rate and blood pressure are not typical findings in clients with acute stress disorder. ASD is characterized by an acute stress response, which often leads to increased heart rate and blood pressure, not stability. Choice C rationale: Euphoric mood and increased energy are not consistent with the symptoms of acute stress disorder. ASD is more likely to cause mood disturbances like anxiety, hypervigilance, and irritability, rather than euphoria and increased energy. Choice D rationale: Hyperactivity and distractibility are not primary symptoms of acute stress disorder. While heightened arousal can occur in response to stress, hyperactivity and distractibility are more indicative of conditions like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rather than ASD.
Question 2
A parent who is very concerned about a 3-year-old son says, He likes to play with girls toys. Do you think he is homosexual or mentally ill? Which response by the nurse most professionally describes the current understanding of gender identity?
A. A childs interest in the activities of the opposite gender is not unusual or related to sexuality. Most children do not carry cross-gender interests into adulthood.
B. Its difficult to say for sure because the research is incomplete so far, but chances are that he will grow up to be a normal adult.
C. The research is incomplete, but many boys play with girls toys and turn out normal as adults.
D. I am sure that whatever happens, he will be a loving son, and you will be a proud parent.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — A childs interest in the activities of the opposite gender is not unusual or related to sexuality. Most children do not carry cross-gender interests into adulthood.
The parents inquiry is really two questions: (1) whether the childs behavior suggests an increased risk of developing mental illness and (2) what the childs future sexual preference will be. The psychiatric disorder that most directly addresses gender preferences and cross-gender activities is gender identity disorder. Pointing out that cross-gender activities are not necessarily related to gender identity and not likely to be carried into adulthood is supported by current research. Saying the child will grow up to be normal implies that to be homosexual is to be abnormal, which reflects a cultural perspective that most professionals would believe to be inappropriate to share in a professional setting. Research provides information about the relationship between cross-gender interests in childhood and adulthood, so a comment that research is incomplete is not entirely accurate. Stating that the child is a wonderful boy the father will be proud of, whatever happens, evades the parents question and suggests that parental bonds should not be affected by gender issues. The nurse has a professional obligation to maintain an objective, therapeutic relationship.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a child who presents with bruises in various stages of healing on the back, buttocks, and arms. The nurse should suspect which type of abuse based on these findings?
A. Emotional abuse.
B. Neglect.
C. Sexual abuse.
D. Physical abuse.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — Physical abuse.
Choice A rationale: Emotional abuse - This type of abuse is primarily psychological and doesn't usually involve physical signs like bruises. Emotional abuse can cause emotional and behavioral changes in children, but bruises are not indicative of emotional abuse. Choice B rationale: Neglect - Neglect often involves failure to provide for a child's basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, and medical care. While neglect can lead to various health issues, bruises in different stages of healing suggest physical harm, which is not the primary characteristic of neglect. Choice C rationale: Sexual abuse - Sexual abuse can cause physical and psychological harm, but bruises on various parts of the body are not specific indicators of sexual abuse. Sexual abuse signs usually involve genital or anal trauma, behavioral changes, or specific symptoms related to the abuse. Choice D rationale: Physical abuse - Bruises in various stages of healing on different body parts are consistent with physical abuse. These bruises raise concerns about intentional harm, and their presence suggests the child has been subjected to physical violence or injury.
Question 4
Parents of an adolescent diagnosed with a CD say, 'We don't know how to respond when our child breaks the rules in our house. Is there any treatment that might help us?' Which therapy is likely to be helpful for these parents?
A. Parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT)
B. Behavior modification therapy
C. Multi-systemic therapy (MST)
D. Pharmacotherapy
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT)
The correct answer is A: Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT). PCIT focuses on improving parent-child communication and interactions, teaching parents effective discipline strategies, and enhancing the parent-child relationship. This therapy is specifically designed to help parents manage disruptive behaviors in children, such as conduct disorder (CD). By participating in PCIT, parents can learn skills to respond to rule-breaking behavior in a positive and effective manner, ultimately improving the child's behavior and family dynamics.
Incorrect choices:
B: Behavior modification therapy focuses on changing specific behaviors through reinforcement and punishment, but may not address the underlying parent-child relationship issues.
C: Multi-systemic therapy (MST) targets various systems influencing the adolescent's behavior, but may not directly address the parents' need for guidance on managing rule-breaking behavior at home.
D: Pharmacotherapy involves medication treatment, which may be used in conjunction with therapy but does not directly address the parents' need for guidance on responding to rule-breaking behavior.
Question 5
A nurse is caring for a client with acute stress disorder (ASD). Which intervention is the nurse's priority during the acute phase of the disorder?
A. Encouraging the client to talk about the traumatic event.
B. Administering antianxiety medication as prescribed.
C. Assisting the client in identifying triggers for anxiety.
D. Providing education about relaxation techniques.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — Administering antianxiety medication as prescribed.
Choice A rationale: Encouraging the client to talk about the traumatic event might not be the priority during the acute phase. Revisiting the traumatic event prematurely could potentially retraumatize the client and exacerbate their symptoms. Choice B rationale: Administering antianxiety medication as prescribed is the nurse's priority during the acute phase of acute stress disorder (ASD). This is because individuals with ASD often experience severe anxiety, panic attacks, and overwhelming distress. Antianxiety medications can help stabilize the acute symptoms and provide relief from extreme anxiety. Choice C rationale: Assisting the client in identifying triggers for anxiety is an important intervention, but it may be more relevant during the later stages of treatment, when the client is more stabilized and ready to engage in cognitive-behavioral interventions. Choice D rationale: Providing education about relaxation techniques is valuable, but it might not be the top priority during the acute phase. The client's distress and anxiety levels are likely to be too high to effectively engage with relaxation techniques initially.
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Question 6
An occupational health nurse at a local factory is using primary prevention strategies to reduce the environmental health risks among the employees. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement?
A. Checking radiation detectors to monitor for unsafe levels of radiation exposure
B. Irrigating the eyes of an employee who has had a chemical splash to the face
C. Teaching new employees who will work outdoors about the signs and symptoms of heat-related illness
D. Using spirometry to rule out obstructive or restrictive lung disease for workers who will be wearing mask respirators
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Teaching new employees who will work outdoors about the signs and symptoms of heat-related illness. This choice aligns with primary prevention strategies as it aims to educate employees about potential health risks before they occur. By teaching employees about heat-related illnesses, the nurse can help prevent these illnesses from happening in the first place. This proactive approach is a key characteristic of primary prevention.
The other choices are incorrect:
A: Checking radiation detectors to monitor for unsafe levels of radiation exposure is more of a monitoring or surveillance activity rather than a primary prevention strategy.
B: Irrigating the eyes of an employee who has had a chemical splash to the face is a form of immediate treatment or first aid after an exposure has occurred, not a primary prevention strategy.
D: Using spirometry to rule out obstructive or restrictive lung disease for workers who will be wearing mask respirators is more related to secondary prevention, focusing on early detection and treatment of health conditions rather than preventing them from happening in
A patient asks, "What is the major difference between conventional health care and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)?†The nurse’s best reply is that conventional health care
A. focuses on what is done to the patient, whereas CAM focuses on body–mind interaction with an actively involved patient.
B. has been tested by research so less regulation is needed, but CAM is religiously based and highly regulated
C. is controlled by the health care industry, but CAM is the people’s medicine and not motivated by profit.
D. is holistic and focused on health promotion, whereas CAM treats illnesses and is symptom-specific.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A because it highlights the key difference between conventional health care and CAM. Conventional health care focuses on treating the patient through medical interventions, procedures, and medications, while CAM emphasizes the interconnectedness of the body and mind and involves the patient actively in their healing process. This distinction underscores the patient's role in CAM therapies compared to the more passive role in traditional health care.
Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect:
B: This choice is incorrect because it oversimplifies the differences between conventional health care and CAM by associating CAM solely with religious beliefs and high regulation, which is not universally true.
C: This choice is incorrect as it generalizes conventional health care as being solely controlled by the health care industry and motivated by profit, which is not always the case, while oversimplifying CAM as the "people's medicine" not driven by profit.
D: This choice is incorrect because it inaccurately portrays conventional health care as solely focused on health promotion and
An adolescent was arrested for prostitution and assault on a parent. The adolescent says, 'I hate my parents. They focus all attention on my brother, who's perfect in their eyes.' Which type of therapy might promote the greatest change in the adolescent's behavior?
A. Family therapy
B. Bibliotherapy
C. Play therapy
D. Art therapy
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Family therapy. Family therapy is the most appropriate type of therapy as it focuses on addressing the family dynamics and communication patterns that may contribute to the adolescent's behavior. By involving the entire family in therapy sessions, underlying issues can be identified and resolved, leading to positive changes in the adolescent's behavior.
B: Bibliotherapy involves the use of books to help individuals understand and cope with their emotions. While it may be beneficial for the adolescent to explore their feelings, it may not directly address the family issues contributing to their behavior.
C: Play therapy utilizes play to help children express their thoughts and emotions. While it can be helpful for younger children, it may not be as effective for addressing the complex family dynamics influencing the adolescent's behavior.
D: Art therapy involves the use of art to help individuals express themselves. While it can be a valuable form of self-expression, it may not target the underlying family problems that need to be addressed for significant behavior change.
A night shift worker reports, I'm having trouble getting to sleep after a night's work. I have a hearty breakfast with coffee, read the paper, do my exercises, and then go to bed. However, I just lie awake until it is nearly time to get up to be with my family for dinner. What changes should the nurse suggest? (Select all that apply.)
A. Drink juice with breakfast rather than coffee.
B. Exercise after awakening rather than before.
C. Turn on the television when going to bed.
D. Do not read the paper.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Drink juice with breakfast rather than coffee. Coffee contains caffeine, which can interfere with sleep. By switching to juice, the night shift worker can avoid the stimulating effects of caffeine and potentially improve their ability to fall asleep. Juice can also provide hydration and essential nutrients without the sleep-disrupting properties of coffee.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: Exercise after awakening rather than before - While exercising before bed can be stimulating and interfere with sleep, exercising after awakening may not directly address the issue of sleeplessness after a night shift.
C: Turn on the television when going to bed - Watching TV before bed can be stimulating and disrupt sleep patterns, so this choice would likely not help the night shift worker with their sleep troubles.
D: Do not read the paper - Reading the paper before bed may be a relaxing activity for some individuals and may not directly contribute to the difficulty in falling asleep after a night shift. It is not as impactful as changing the source of
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes who is having a hard time managing blood glucose levels. Using Bronfenbrenner's Socio-Ecological Model, which factor would the nurse identify as most likely contributing to the client's difficulty managing their diabetes at the exosystem level?
A. Limited access to healthy food options
B. Family history of diabetes
C. Sedentary job
D. Lack of reliable transportation
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Limited access to healthy food options. At the exosystem level of Bronfenbrenner's model, environmental factors impact individuals indirectly. Limited access to healthy food options can hinder the client's ability to make nutritious choices, leading to poor blood glucose management. This factor influences the client's social and physical environment, contributing significantly to their difficulty in managing diabetes.
Summary:
B: Family history of diabetes is at the microsystem level, involving direct relationships and interactions. While it may predispose the client to diabetes, it does not directly affect their current struggles with managing blood glucose levels.
C: Sedentary job is also at the microsystem level and can impact physical activity but is not as influential in blood glucose management as access to healthy food.
D: Lack of reliable transportation is at the mesosystem level, involving connections between microsystems. While it can affect access to healthcare, it is not as directly related to dietary choices impacting blood glucose levels.
Which of the following would be circumstances when a client could be subjected to involuntary hospitalization?Select one that does not apply.
A. When a client states that he or she intends to commit suicide and is making plans to do so.
B. When a client does not bathe regularly or change clothes often.
C. When a client states that he or she intends to harm others by a deliberate act.
D. When a client who has diabetes refuses to follow the prescribed diet.
Correct answer:
Health-care professionals respect the wishes of a client who does not wish to be hospitalized and treated unless clients are a danger to themselves or others (i.e., they are threatening or have attempted suicide or represent a danger to others). When a client states that he or she intends to commit suicide and is making plans to do so, the client is threatening suicide and could be subjected to involuntary hospitalization. When a client does not bathe regularly or change clothes often, the client is neglecting his or her hygiene, but it is unlikely that this could be construed as an imminent risk of harm to self. When a client states that he or she intends to harm others by a deliberate act, the client could be considered representing a danger to others. When a client who has diabetes refuses to follow the prescribed diet, the client is acting within his or her own right to comply with the recommendations of their health-care provider. When a client is unable to control his or her rage and is assaulting everyone around him or her, the client would be considered a danger to others.
A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about psychotherapeutic interventions for bipolar disorder. Which of the following is a commonly used psychotherapeutic intervention for managing bipolar disorder?
A. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
C. Family-focused therapy (FFT)
D. Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT)
Correct answer:
Choice A rationale: Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is not commonly used as a psychotherapeutic intervention for managing bipolar disorder. DBT is often used to treat borderline personality disorder and focuses on emotional regulation and interpersonal skills. Choice B rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly used as a psychotherapeutic intervention for managing bipolar disorder. It helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors, which can be valuable in managing both depressive and manic symptoms. Choice C rationale: Family-focused therapy (FFT) is commonly used as a psychotherapeutic intervention for managing bipolar disorder. It involves the family in the treatment process and aims to improve communication, problem-solving, and support within the family unit. Choice D rationale: Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) is commonly used as a psychotherapeutic intervention for managing bipolar disorder. It focuses on stabilizing daily routines and sleep patterns, which can help prevent mood episodes and maintain stability.
You notice that you look forward to talking to Becky because her dark sense of humor reminds you of your best friend in high school. You also begin to make little cynical jokes, hoping to have a good laugh together. What is this relationship showing early signs of?
A. Accountability
B. Self-reflection
C. Transference
D. Countertransference
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D: Countertransference. This relationship shows early signs of countertransference because the individual is projecting feelings and attitudes from their past relationship with their best friend onto Becky. The individual's desire to joke and laugh with Becky based on similarities to their best friend in high school indicates a potential unconscious emotional response. Countertransference occurs when the therapist or individual develops feelings or reactions towards the client based on their own unresolved issues or past experiences. In this scenario, the individual is experiencing countertransference by transferring emotions related to their best friend onto Becky. This can potentially impact the objectivity and effectiveness of the relationship.
Summary:
A: Accountability - Not relevant to the scenario.
B: Self-reflection - Not applicable as the individual is not reflecting on their own behavior.
C: Transference - Different from countertransference, as transference refers to the client projecting feelings onto the therapist, not the other way around.
The nurse has just admitted Nancy to the psychiatric unit. The psychiatrist has diagnosed Nancy with major depressive disorder. The nurse says to Nancy, 'Please tell me what it was like when you were growing up.' Which nursing role described by Peplau is the nurse fulfilling in this instance?
A. Surrogate
B. Resource person
C. Counselor
D. Technical Expert
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Counselor. In this scenario, the nurse is fulfilling the role of a counselor by engaging Nancy in a therapeutic conversation to explore her past experiences and emotions related to her major depressive disorder diagnosis. This role focuses on providing emotional support, guidance, and facilitating self-exploration.
A: Surrogate - This role involves temporarily standing in for another person. In this scenario, the nurse is not acting as a stand-in for anyone but is providing direct emotional support to Nancy.
B: Resource person - This role involves providing information and guidance related to the patient's care. While the nurse may provide resources and information, the primary focus in this scenario is on emotional support and therapeutic communication.
D: Technical Expert - This role involves providing specialized knowledge and skills related to patient care. While the nurse may use technical expertise in other aspects of care, in this scenario, the focus is on therapeutic communication and emotional support rather than technical knowledge.
A nurse is conducting a mental health assessment on a client. The client reports feeling extremely fatigued, having difficulty concentrating, and having thoughts of worthlessness. The nurse recognizes these as:
A. Signs of normal bereavement.
B. Symptoms of bipolar disorder.
C. Indicators of substance-induced mood disorder.
D. Criteria for diagnosing MDD according to DSM-5.
Correct answer:
Choice A rationale: Bereavement refers to the period of grief and mourning after the loss of a loved one. While fatigue and feelings of worthlessness can be experienced during bereavement, difficulty concentrating is not a typical sign. Additionally, bereavement-related symptoms typically improve over time as opposed to the persistent nature suggested here. Choice B rationale: Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating episodes of depression and mania (or hypomania). The client's symptoms are primarily indicative of a depressive episode, with no mention of manic or hypomanic episodes. Choice C rationale: Substance-induced mood disorder occurs as a result of substance use or withdrawal. While substances can lead to similar symptoms, the combination presented is more indicative of a primary mood disorder. Choice D rationale: The client's symptoms of extreme fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of worthlessness align with the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).
LPN exams mental health practice questions, set 2 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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