You adjust care for older adults: polypharmacy, skin, confusion, and what family can safely do. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the RN exams exam guide or more RN exams practice questions.
Five geriatric questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
The treatment team implements a behavior modification approach using a contract for a client with antisocial personality disorder. An expected outcome of this approach is that client will:
A. Learn how to avoid punishment
B. Explain why he breaks rules
C. Comply with behaviors specified in the contract
D. Develop empathy in interpersonal contacts with peers
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: C — Comply with behaviors specified in the contract
The correct answer is C because compliance with the behaviors specified in the contract is a key goal of behavior modification. This outcome focuses on specific, observable behaviors that the client agrees to follow. This approach helps in setting clear expectations and consequences, which is beneficial for individuals with antisocial personality disorder.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Learning how to avoid punishment may not necessarily lead to behavior change or compliance with the contract terms.
B: Explaining why he breaks rules may not necessarily result in actual behavior change or adherence to the contract.
D: Developing empathy is a more complex and long-term goal that may not directly relate to compliance with the contract terms.
Question 2
A man is terminally ill with end-stage prostate cancer. Which is the best statement about this man’s wellness?
A. Wellness can only be achieved with aggressive medical interventions.
B. Wellness is not a real option for this client because he is terminally ill.
C. Wellness is defined as the absence of disease.
D. Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness.
The correct answer is D because nursing interventions can focus on enhancing the client's quality of life, comfort, and emotional well-being even in the face of terminal illness. Nurses can provide support, educate the client and family, manage symptoms, and empower the client to find meaning and purpose in their life. This approach contributes to a higher level of wellness by addressing holistic needs beyond just medical interventions.
Incorrect choices:
A: Wellness can be achieved through various means, not just aggressive medical interventions.
B: Wellness is still achievable in terms of emotional, social, and spiritual well-being even with a terminal illness.
C: Wellness involves physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects beyond just the absence of disease.
Question 3
A nurse is performing an assessment for a 59-year-old man with a long history of hypertension. What is the rationale for including questions about prescribed medications and their effects on sexual function in the assessment?
A. Sexual dysfunction may result from use of prescription medications for management of hypertension.
B. Such questions are an indirect way of learning about the patient's medication adherence.
C. These questions ease the transition to questions about sexual practices in general.
D. Sexual dysfunction can cause stress and contribute to increased blood pressure.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Sexual dysfunction may result from use of prescription medications for management of hypertension.
1. **Step 1**: Hypertension is a common condition managed with prescription medications.
2. **Step 2**: Many antihypertensive medications can cause sexual dysfunction as a side effect.
3. **Step 3**: Therefore, asking about prescribed medications and their effects on sexual function is important.
4. **Step 4**: This helps assess if the patient is experiencing any sexual side effects due to his hypertension medications.
5. **Step 5**: Identifying and addressing such side effects can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
6. **Summary**: Option A is correct as it directly links the potential sexual dysfunction side effects of hypertension medications to the assessment, unlike the other choices which do not address this important aspect of medication management.
Question 4
A novice nurse tells the assigned mentor, 'I admitted a patient today who has several bizarre delusions. I wanted to tell the patient that the ideas and conclusions simply are not logical. What do you think will happen if I do?' Which reply by the mentor is best?
A. I think you'll give the patient something to think about.'
B. The patient will probably incorporate you into the delusions as a persecutor.'
C. Develop trust using empathy and calmness before pointing out discrepancies.'
D. Initially, it would be better to go along with the patient's thinking to gain cooperation.'
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: C — Develop trust using empathy and calmness before pointing out discrepancies.'
The correct answer is C because it emphasizes the importance of developing trust and rapport with the patient before addressing their delusions. By using empathy and calmness, the nurse can create a safe environment for the patient to feel understood and supported. This approach can help the patient be more receptive to feedback about the discrepancies in their thinking.
Choice A is incorrect because simply giving the patient something to think about may not address the underlying issues causing the delusions.
Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the patient will view the nurse negatively, which may not always be the case.
Choice D is incorrect as it suggests going along with the patient's delusions, which can potentially reinforce and perpetuate their false beliefs.
Question 5
A severely withdrawn patient diagnosed with schizophrenia will spend time in the dayroom but will not speak to staff or to other patients. The most therapeutic nursing intervention in response to this behavior would be to:
A. seat the patient with a group of patients who are talking to each other.
B. ignore the silence and talk about superficial topics such as the weather.
C. point out that the patient makes others uncomfortable by refusing to speak.
D. plan time for staff members to sit with the patient even though the patient does not talk with them.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — plan time for staff members to sit with the patient even though the patient does not talk with them.
The correct answer is D because it focuses on building a therapeutic relationship with the patient without placing pressure on them to speak. By planning time for staff members to sit with the patient, even if the patient does not talk, it allows for nonverbal communication and presence to convey support and care. This approach respects the patient's boundaries and allows them to engage at their own pace, fostering trust and a sense of safety.
Choice A is incorrect as it may overwhelm the patient by placing them in a social situation they are not ready for. Choice B is incorrect as discussing superficial topics does not address the patient's underlying issues. Choice C is incorrect as it may make the patient feel judged or pressured to speak, further isolating them.
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Question 6
An individual is seeking treatment for bulimia nervosa. The therapist decides to use cognitive behavioral therapy and medication. For what medication can a nurse expect to develop a patient education program?
A. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
B. Lithium.
C. Acamprosate.
D. A benzodiazepine.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). SSRIs are commonly used in treating bulimia nervosa due to their effectiveness in reducing binge eating and purging behaviors. They work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps regulate mood and appetite control. A nurse would develop a patient education program for SSRIs to explain their mechanism of action, potential side effects, how to take them correctly, and the importance of compliance.
Summary:
- Lithium is not typically used for bulimia nervosa and is more commonly used for bipolar disorder.
- Acamprosate is used for alcohol dependence, not bulimia nervosa.
- Benzodiazepines are not indicated for bulimia nervosa and are typically used for anxiety disorders or insomnia.
A severely withdrawn patient diagnosed with schizophrenia will spend time in the dayroom but will not speak to staff or to other patients. The most therapeutic nursing intervention in response to this behavior would be to:
A. seat the patient with a group of patients who are talking to each other.
B. ignore the silence and talk about superficial topics such as the weather.
C. point out that the patient makes others uncomfortable by refusing to speak.
D. plan time for staff members to sit with the patient even though the patient does not talk with them.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is D because it focuses on building a therapeutic relationship with the patient without placing pressure on them to speak. By planning time for staff members to sit with the patient, even if the patient does not talk, it allows for nonverbal communication and presence to convey support and care. This approach respects the patient's boundaries and allows them to engage at their own pace, fostering trust and a sense of safety.
Choice A is incorrect as it may overwhelm the patient by placing them in a social situation they are not ready for. Choice B is incorrect as discussing superficial topics does not address the patient's underlying issues. Choice C is incorrect as it may make the patient feel judged or pressured to speak, further isolating them.
The nurse is assessing a patient with anorexia nervosa. What is the most important physical examination finding to monitor?
A. Blood pressure and heart rate.
B. Height and weight changes.
C. Skin turgor and hydration status.
D. Respiratory rate and lung function.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Height and weight changes. In anorexia nervosa, monitoring height and weight changes is crucial as it reflects the patient's nutritional status and overall health. Weight loss and changes in height can indicate severe malnutrition and potential complications. Blood pressure and heart rate (choice A) can be affected by various factors in anorexia nervosa but may not directly reflect the patient's nutritional status. Skin turgor and hydration status (choice C) are important indicators of hydration levels but may not provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient's nutritional status. Respiratory rate and lung function (choice D) are important, but they may not be the most critical physical examination findings to monitor in anorexia nervosa.
The nurse is assessing a patient with anorexia nervosa. What is the most important physical examination finding to monitor?
A. Blood pressure and heart rate.
B. Height and weight changes.
C. Skin turgor and hydration status.
D. Respiratory rate and lung function.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Height and weight changes. In anorexia nervosa, monitoring height and weight changes is crucial as it reflects the patient's nutritional status and overall health. Weight loss and changes in height can indicate severe malnutrition and potential complications. Blood pressure and heart rate (choice A) can be affected by various factors in anorexia nervosa but may not directly reflect the patient's nutritional status. Skin turgor and hydration status (choice C) are important indicators of hydration levels but may not provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient's nutritional status. Respiratory rate and lung function (choice D) are important, but they may not be the most critical physical examination findings to monitor in anorexia nervosa.
The first step in the creation of a therapeutic alliance between a nurse and a patient with a maladaptive response to eating regulation is:
A. formulation of a nurse-patient contract.
B. resolution of conflicts with family members.
C. nurse and patient will agree on perception of patient's body.
D. the means of stabilizing the patient's nutritional status will be specified.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: formulation of a nurse-patient contract. This is because establishing a clear agreement outlining the roles, responsibilities, and boundaries between the nurse and patient is crucial in building trust and collaboration. It sets the foundation for a therapeutic alliance by promoting mutual understanding and shared goals.
Summary:
B: Resolving conflicts with family members may be important for overall well-being but is not the first step in creating a therapeutic alliance.
C: Agreeing on the patient's body perception is important but does not address the fundamental establishment of trust through a contract.
D: Specifying means of stabilizing nutritional status is essential but comes after the initial agreement on roles and responsibilities.
A nurse is performing an assessment for a 59-year-old man with a long history of hypertension. What is the rationale for including questions about prescribed medications and their effects on sexual function in the assessment?
A. Sexual dysfunction may result from use of prescription medications for management of hypertension.
B. Such questions are an indirect way of learning about the patient's medication adherence.
C. These questions ease the transition to questions about sexual practices in general.
D. Sexual dysfunction can cause stress and contribute to increased blood pressure.
Correct answer:
1. **Step 1**: Hypertension is a common condition managed with prescription medications.
2. **Step 2**: Many antihypertensive medications can cause sexual dysfunction as a side effect.
3. **Step 3**: Therefore, asking about prescribed medications and their effects on sexual function is important.
4. **Step 4**: This helps assess if the patient is experiencing any sexual side effects due to his hypertension medications.
5. **Step 5**: Identifying and addressing such side effects can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
6. **Summary**: Option A is correct as it directly links the potential sexual dysfunction side effects of hypertension medications to the assessment, unlike the other choices which do not address this important aspect of medication management.
The treatment team implements a behavior modification approach using a contract for a client with antisocial personality disorder. An expected outcome of this approach is that client will:
A. Learn how to avoid punishment
B. Explain why he breaks rules
C. Comply with behaviors specified in the contract
D. Develop empathy in interpersonal contacts with peers
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C because compliance with the behaviors specified in the contract is a key goal of behavior modification. This outcome focuses on specific, observable behaviors that the client agrees to follow. This approach helps in setting clear expectations and consequences, which is beneficial for individuals with antisocial personality disorder.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Learning how to avoid punishment may not necessarily lead to behavior change or compliance with the contract terms.
B: Explaining why he breaks rules may not necessarily result in actual behavior change or adherence to the contract.
D: Developing empathy is a more complex and long-term goal that may not directly relate to compliance with the contract terms.
The characteristic in individuals with personality disorders that makes it most necessary for staff to schedule frequent meetings is:
A. flexibility and unconventional responses to stress.
B. a desire to achieve emotional intimacy with staff.
C. a tendency to evoke countertransference and conflict.
D. an impaired ability to develop trusting relationships.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C because individuals with personality disorders often evoke countertransference and conflict in staff due to their challenging behaviors and interpersonal dynamics. This can lead to potential misunderstandings and ineffective treatment if not addressed through frequent meetings. Option A is incorrect as flexibility and unconventional responses to stress are not typically the primary concern necessitating frequent meetings. Option B is incorrect as a desire for emotional intimacy is not necessarily a reason for staff to schedule frequent meetings. Option D is incorrect as an impaired ability to develop trusting relationships might be a symptom of a personality disorder, but it is not the characteristic that most necessitates frequent meetings.
The characteristic in individuals with personality disorders that makes it most necessary for staff to schedule frequent meetings is:
A. flexibility and unconventional responses to stress.
B. a desire to achieve emotional intimacy with staff.
C. a tendency to evoke countertransference and conflict.
D. an impaired ability to develop trusting relationships.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C because individuals with personality disorders often evoke countertransference and conflict in staff due to their challenging behaviors and interpersonal dynamics. This can lead to potential misunderstandings and ineffective treatment if not addressed through frequent meetings. Option A is incorrect as flexibility and unconventional responses to stress are not typically the primary concern necessitating frequent meetings. Option B is incorrect as a desire for emotional intimacy is not necessarily a reason for staff to schedule frequent meetings. Option D is incorrect as an impaired ability to develop trusting relationships might be a symptom of a personality disorder, but it is not the characteristic that most necessitates frequent meetings.
Which instruction has priority when teaching a patient taking clozapine (Clozaril)?
A. Avoid unprotected sex.
B. Report sore throat and fever immediately.
C. Reduce foods high in polyunsaturated fats.
D. Use over-the-counter preparations for rashes.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Report sore throat and fever immediately. This is because clozapine can cause a serious condition called agranulocytosis, which is characterized by a dangerously low white blood cell count. Sore throat and fever can be early signs of this condition, so it is crucial to report them immediately to prevent serious complications.
Avoiding unprotected sex (choice A) is important for overall health but is not directly related to clozapine use. Reducing foods high in polyunsaturated fats (choice C) is not a priority as it does not impact the safety or effectiveness of clozapine. Using over-the-counter preparations for rashes (choice D) is not advised as rashes can be a side effect of clozapine, and professional medical advice should be sought.
RN exams geriatric practice questions, set 20 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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