LPN exams maternity and newborn practice questions, set 4
LPN exams · maternity and newborn
LPN exams maternity and newborn practice questionsset 4
You work labor, postpartum, and newborn safety items the way maternity exams write the next action. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the LPN exams exam guide or more LPN exams practice questions.
Five maternity and newborn questions with answers
Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.
Question 1
A pregnant patient at 28 weeks gestation is experiencing severe swelling in her hands and feet. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Assess the patient's blood pressure and check for signs of preeclampsia.
B. Encourage the patient to elevate her legs and rest.
C. Monitor the patient's urine output and report any changes.
D. Schedule an ultrasound to assess fetal growth and amniotic fluid levels.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Assess the patient's blood pressure and check for signs of preeclampsia.
The correct action to take first is to assess the patient's blood pressure and check for signs of preeclampsia (Answer A). Preeclampsia is a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ dysfunction. In this scenario, the patient's severe swelling could be indicative of preeclampsia, which poses a risk to both the mother and the fetus. By assessing blood pressure and looking for other signs of preeclampsia, the nurse can determine the urgency of the situation and take appropriate actions to manage the condition.
Encouraging leg elevation and rest (Answer B) may help alleviate some symptoms but does not address the underlying cause of the swelling. Monitoring urine output (Answer C) is important for overall assessment but does not address the immediate concern of potential preeclampsia. Scheduling an ultrasound (Answer D) is not the priority in this situation as it does not provide information about the patient's current condition and does not address the
Question 2
Which of the following behaviors would be applicable to a nursing diagnosis of "risk for injury"Â in a patient who is in labor?
A. Length of second-stage labor is 2 hours.
B. Patient has received an epidural for pain control during the labor process.
C. Patient is using breathing techniques during contractions to maximize pain relief.
D. Patient is receiving parenteral fluids during the course of labor to maintain hydration.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Length of second-stage labor is 2 hours.
The correct answer is A: Length of second-stage labor is 2 hours. This is applicable to the nursing diagnosis of "risk for injury" in a patient in labor because a prolonged second-stage labor can increase the risk of injury to both the mother and the baby. A prolonged second stage can lead to issues such as fetal distress, maternal exhaustion, and increased risk of instrumental delivery or cesarean section.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Patient has received an epidural for pain control during the labor process - This choice does not directly address the risk for injury in labor.
C: Patient is using breathing techniques during contractions to maximize pain relief - While breathing techniques can help with pain relief, it does not specifically address the risk for injury.
D: Patient is receiving parenteral fluids during the course of labor to maintain hydration - While hydration is important during labor, it does not directly address the risk for injury.
Question 3
A woman is 1 hour postcesarean delivery with nausea and an estimated blood loss of 1,200 mL. She is currently experiencing heavy vaginal bleeding and has a uterus that firms with massage. She has a history of asthma with a current O2 saturation of 89%. The licensed provider has ordered Cytotec 800 mcg and Methergine 0.2 mg. What collaborative communication should occur between the nurse and provider?
A. Since the total blood loss is under 1,500 mL, Cytotec and Methergine administration could be delayed for a time.
B. Cytotec should be given rectally because the patient is already nauseated, and the Methergine route should be ordered.
C. Recommend that the abdominal dressing be removed to inspect for incisional bleeding.
D. Recommend that the patient not get Methergine because she has a history of asthma.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: D — Recommend that the patient not get Methergine because she has a history of asthma.
The correct answer is D: Recommend that the patient not get Methergine because she has a history of asthma. Methergine is contraindicated in patients with a history of asthma due to its potential to cause bronchospasm and worsen respiratory function. As the patient has a history of asthma with a current low O2 saturation, administering Methergine could exacerbate her respiratory status. Collaborative communication between the nurse and provider is crucial to ensure patient safety and avoid potential complications.
Summary of other choices:
A: Delaying administration of Cytotec and Methergine is not appropriate as the patient is experiencing heavy vaginal bleeding and needs prompt management.
B: Giving Cytotec rectally and considering the route for Methergine do not address the contraindication of Methergine in a patient with asthma.
C: Removing the abdominal dressing to inspect for incisional bleeding may be necessary but does not address the contraindication of Methergine in a
Question 4
The woman who is primigravida is in the clinic for her first prenatal visit. She states that she has experienced dizziness when she gets out of bed and sometimes when she stands up from a sitting position. What is the reason for this?
A. She is experiencing hypoglycemia from being diabetic.
B. She is standing up too quickly and must be careful to avoid injury.
C. She needs to drink more fluids to prevent orthostatic hypotension and it will clear up soon.
D. She is not getting enough exercise, so circulation to the head and upper extremities is less than optimal.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: B — She is standing up too quickly and must be careful to avoid injury.
The correct answer is B: She is standing up too quickly and must be careful to avoid injury. When a person stands up quickly, blood pools in the lower extremities, causing a momentary drop in blood pressure. This sudden drop can lead to dizziness or lightheadedness. This phenomenon is known as orthostatic hypotension. It is common during pregnancy due to the hormonal and physiological changes that affect blood pressure regulation.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: She is experiencing hypoglycemia from being diabetic - There is no information provided in the scenario to suggest that the woman is diabetic or experiencing low blood sugar levels.
C: She needs to drink more fluids to prevent orthostatic hypotension and it will clear up soon - While staying hydrated is important, simply drinking more fluids may not address the underlying issue of orthostatic hypotension caused by rapid changes in position.
D: She is not getting enough exercise, so circulation to the
Question 5
The nurse on a postpartum unit is focused on providing care that will assist the mother and father in making the transition to parenthood. For which reason does the nurse review the prenatal and labor records?
A. Pregnancy and birth experiences, which can either enhance or impede the process of becoming a mother.
B. Awareness of prenatal classes that will help identify and focus on learning needs of both parents.
C. Identification of preexisting maternal conditions that may interfere with parenting transitions.
D. Knowledge regarding questions and concerns the mother and father may have about neonate issues.
Show answer and rationale
Correct answer: A — Pregnancy and birth experiences, which can either enhance or impede the process of becoming a mother.
The correct answer is A because reviewing the prenatal and labor records allows the nurse to understand the pregnancy and birth experiences of the mother and father, which can significantly impact their transition to parenthood. By knowing the details of these experiences, the nurse can identify factors that may enhance or impede the process of becoming a mother and father. This information helps the nurse tailor their care and support to address specific needs and concerns of the new parents.
Choice B is incorrect because the focus of reviewing prenatal and labor records is not solely on identifying and focusing on learning needs from prenatal classes. Choice C is incorrect because while identifying preexisting maternal conditions is important for overall care, the primary focus in this scenario is on the transition to parenthood. Choice D is incorrect because the knowledge regarding neonate issues is not the main purpose of reviewing prenatal and labor records in this context.
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Question 6
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 30 weeks gestation and reports feeling faint and lightheaded. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Instruct the patient to lie on her back to improve circulation.
B. Encourage the patient to take deep breaths and sit down immediately.
C. Instruct the patient to stand up slowly and rest for 10 minutes.
D. Ask the patient to eat something sweet to raise her blood sugar.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is B: Encourage the patient to take deep breaths and sit down immediately. This action is appropriate because the patient is experiencing symptoms of hypotension, which can lead to decreased blood flow to the brain causing faintness and lightheadedness. By encouraging the patient to take deep breaths and sit down immediately, the nurse is helping to increase oxygen intake and improve circulation, which can alleviate the symptoms.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Instructing the patient to lie on her back can actually worsen symptoms as it can lead to a decrease in blood flow to the brain.
C: Instructing the patient to stand up slowly is not appropriate as the patient is already feeling faint and lightheaded. This can increase the risk of falling and injury.
D: Asking the patient to eat something sweet may not address the underlying cause of the symptoms, which is likely related to hypotension. It is important to address the immediate
The nurse reports a nonreactive NST to the physician. The physician orders vibroacoustic stimulation. Which does the nurse understand the appropriate application for the vibroacoustic stimulation to be? Select all that apply.
A. Clap loudly by the fetal head
B. Apply a sterile drape to abdomen prior to stimulation
C. Apply the artificial larynx stimulus by the fetal head
D. Limit the use of the artificial larynx stimulus to three times
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Apply the artificial larynx stimulus by the fetal head. Vibroacoustic stimulation involves using sound waves to stimulate the fetus and provoke a response, particularly in cases of nonreactive nonstress test (NST). By applying the artificial larynx stimulus near the fetal head, the nurse ensures direct and effective stimulation of the fetus. This method has been found to be safe and effective in improving fetal heart rate reactivity.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Clap loudly by the fetal head - This is not an appropriate method for vibroacoustic stimulation as it may not provide the controlled and targeted stimulation needed.
B: Apply a sterile drape to abdomen prior to stimulation - This is not necessary for vibroacoustic stimulation and does not contribute to its effectiveness.
D: Limit the use of the artificial larynx stimulus to three times - There is no specific limit to the number of times vibroacoustic stimulation can be applied, as it depends on the
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 30 weeks gestation and has a BMI of 32. Which of the following complications should the nurse monitor for more closely?
A. Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia
B. Hyperemesis gravidarum and miscarriage
C. Iron-deficiency anemia and urinary tract infections
D. Gestational hypertension and placenta previa
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. A pregnant patient with a BMI of 32 is considered obese, which increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. Gestational diabetes is more likely in overweight women and can lead to complications for both the mother and baby. Preeclampsia is also more common in obese women and can result in high blood pressure and organ damage. Monitoring for these complications is crucial to ensure the well-being of both the mother and baby.
Incorrect choices:
B: Hyperemesis gravidarum and miscarriage - These complications are not directly related to the patient's weight or BMI.
C: Iron-deficiency anemia and urinary tract infections - While these complications can occur in pregnancy, they are not specifically associated with the patient's BMI.
D: Gestational hypertension and placenta previa - While gestational hypertension can be a concern in obese patients, placenta previa is not directly linked to
The nurse is educating a new postpartum woman about peri-care. Which action by the client indicates understanding?
A. The woman applied her peri-pad from back to front.
B. The woman performed peri-care three times a day.
C. The woman washed her hands before and after performing peri-care.
D. The woman mixed tap water and hydrogen peroxide in her peri-bottle.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C because washing hands before and after performing peri-care is essential to prevent the spread of infections. Before touching the perineal area, proper hand hygiene reduces the risk of introducing harmful bacteria. After caring for the perineum, washing hands again prevents transferring any bacteria to other parts of the body. This demonstrates understanding of infection prevention.
Choice A is incorrect because applying the peri-pad from back to front can introduce bacteria from the rectal area to the vaginal area, increasing the risk of infection.
Choice B is incorrect because the frequency of performing peri-care depends on individual needs and hygiene practices, so stating a fixed number of times is not indicative of understanding.
Choice D is incorrect because mixing tap water and hydrogen peroxide in the peri-bottle is not a recommended practice for peri-care and may cause irritation or disrupt the natural balance of the vaginal flora.
In an attempt to improve the effectiveness of postpartum teaching, the nurse uses the AWHONN acronym POST BIRTH. Which teaching points require the patient to call for 911 assistance? Select all that apply.
A. Bleeding that soaks a pad per hour
B. A bad headache with vision changes
C. Thoughts of hurting self or baby
D. Signs an incision is not healing
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Thoughts of hurting self or baby. This teaching point requires the patient to call for 911 assistance because it indicates a serious mental health emergency, such as postpartum depression or psychosis, which can lead to harm. It is crucial for immediate intervention by trained professionals.
A: Bleeding that soaks a pad per hour is concerning but does not necessarily require immediate 911 assistance unless accompanied by other severe symptoms like dizziness or fainting.
B: A bad headache with vision changes may indicate severe conditions like preeclampsia, which requires urgent medical attention but not necessarily a 911 call unless the symptoms worsen rapidly.
D: Signs an incision is not healing, while important to monitor, does not typically warrant a 911 call unless there are signs of infection or severe complications.
In summary, only choice C requires immediate 911 assistance due to the severe nature of mental health emergencies.
A nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is at 34 weeks gestation and reports swelling in the legs and feet. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Monitor the patient's blood pressure and assess for signs of preeclampsia.
B. Encourage the patient to rest with her feet elevated.
C. Administer a diuretic to reduce swelling.
D. Instruct the patient to reduce fluid intake to decrease swelling.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: Monitor the patient's blood pressure and assess for signs of preeclampsia. At 34 weeks gestation, swelling in the legs and feet can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. The priority action is to assess for signs of preeclampsia, as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the baby. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial in identifying preeclampsia early.
Choice B is incorrect because while elevating the feet may provide some relief from swelling, it does not address the potential underlying issue of preeclampsia. Choice C is incorrect because administering a diuretic without assessing for preeclampsia can be dangerous and potentially harmful to the patient and the baby. Choice D is incorrect because reducing fluid intake can lead to dehydration, which is not a recommended approach in pregnancy without proper assessment and guidance from healthcare providers.
The nurse auscultates the fetal heart rate and determines a rate of 152 bpm. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate at this time?
A. Inform the mother that the fetal heart rate is normal.
B. Reassess the fetal heart rate in 5 minutes because the rate is too high.
C. Report the fetal heart rate to the physician or nurse-midwife immediately.
D. Suggest to the mother that she is going to have a boy because the heart rate is fast.
Correct answer:
The correct answer is C: Report the fetal heart rate to the physician or nurse-midwife immediately. A fetal heart rate of 152 bpm is within the normal range for a fetus, but it is essential to communicate any findings to the healthcare provider for further assessment and monitoring. This step ensures the safety and well-being of both the mother and the fetus by allowing the healthcare provider to determine if any additional actions are necessary.
Incorrect choices:
A: Inform the mother that the fetal heart rate is normal - While the heart rate may be normal, it is crucial to involve the healthcare provider for proper evaluation.
B: Reassess the fetal heart rate in 5 minutes because the rate is too high - 152 bpm is not considered too high, and immediate reporting to the healthcare provider is necessary.
D: Suggest to the mother that she is going to have a boy because the heart rate is fast - Fetal heart rate is not a reliable indicator of the baby's gender, and this
The nurse is counseling a client on dietary recommendations for dysmenorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the recommendations?
A. I should adopt a vegan diet.
B. I should avoid pretzels and potato chips.
C. I should increase my intake of cranberry juice.
D. I should avoid dairy.
Correct answer:
Correct Answer: B - I should avoid pretzels and potato chips.
Rationale:
1. Pretzels and potato chips are high in salt, which can contribute to bloating and water retention, exacerbating dysmenorrhea symptoms.
2. Avoiding these snacks can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce inflammation, leading to improved menstrual discomfort.
3. Choosing healthier snack options like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can provide essential nutrients and support overall well-being.
Incorrect Choices:
A. Adopting a vegan diet may or may not directly impact dysmenorrhea symptoms, as it depends on the individual's specific dietary needs and nutrient intake.
C. Increasing cranberry juice intake is more commonly recommended for urinary tract infections, not specifically for dysmenorrhea.
D. Avoiding dairy is not a universal recommendation for dysmenorrhea, as dairy products can provide essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D that are beneficial for overall health.
The most effective and least expensive treatment of puerperal infection is prevention. What is the most important strategy for the nurse to adopt?
A. Large doses of vitamin C during pregnancy
B. Prophylactic antibiotics
C. Strict aseptic technique, including hand washing, by all health care personnel
D. Limited protein and fat intake
Correct answer:
The most important strategy for the nurse to adopt in preventing puerperal infection is option C, which is the strict aseptic technique, including hand washing, by all health care personnel. Puerperal infection, also known as postpartum infection, is a serious complication following childbirth that can lead to severe consequences if not prevented. Maintaining proper hygiene practices, such as hand washing and using aseptic techniques, is crucial in preventing the spread of pathogens that can cause infections. This simple yet effective measure can significantly reduce the risk of puerperal infections among postpartum women. Large doses of vitamin C during pregnancy (option A) may have benefits for overall health but are not specifically proven to prevent puerperal infections. Prophylactic antibiotics (option B) may be used in certain cases but are not the primary strategy for prevention in all cases. Limiting protein and fat intake (option D) is not a recommended approach
A nurse is caring for a laboring person who is in the third stage of labor. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention during this stage?
A. assist with the delivery of the placenta
B. prepare for a vaginal birth
C. administer oxytocin
D. apply gentle pressure to the uterus
Correct answer:
The correct answer is A: assist with the delivery of the placenta. During the third stage of labor, the placenta needs to be delivered. This is done by gently applying traction to the umbilical cord while supporting the uterus to facilitate the expulsion of the placenta. This step is crucial to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice B (prepare for a vaginal birth) is incorrect because the person is already in the third stage of labor, which means the baby has been delivered and they are now focusing on delivering the placenta.
Choice C (administer oxytocin) is incorrect because while oxytocin may be used to help control bleeding after the placenta is delivered, it is not the most appropriate intervention during the third stage of labor.
Choice D (apply gentle pressure to the uterus) is incorrect because direct pressure to the uterus is not the primary intervention during the third stage of labor; assisting with the delivery of the placenta takes precedence.
About these LPN exams maternity and newborn questions
LPN exams maternity and newborn practice questions, set 4 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.
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