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HESI A2 anatomy and physiology practice questions, set 11

HESI A2 · anatomy and physiology

HESI A2 anatomy and physiology practice questions set 11

You name structures and functions out loud — the HESI A2 module that sinks most retakes. Five of the 15 questions include the correct answer and rationale. The other ten keep answers in the study hub. Continue with the HESI A2 exam guide or more HESI A2 practice questions.

Five anatomy and physiology questions with answers

Cover the key. Write the first action. Then open the rationale and name why the other choices fail.

Question 1

Which structure of the respiratory system is involved in gas exchange?

  1. A. Trachea
  2. B. Bronchioles
  3. C. Alveoli
  4. D. Larynx
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: C — Alveoli

The alveoli are the primary site for gas exchange in the respiratory system. These tiny air sacs in the lungs are where oxygen is taken up into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is released from the bloodstream into the lungs to be exhaled. The trachea (Choice A) is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs but is not directly involved in gas exchange. Bronchioles (Choice B) are smaller airway branches that lead to the alveoli but do not participate in gas exchange themselves. The larynx (Choice D) plays a role in producing sound and protecting the airway but is not primarily responsible for gas exchange.

Question 2

The coronal plane of the body may also be called the ___________ plane.

  1. A. sagittal
  2. B. median
  3. C. frontal
  4. D. axial
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: C — frontal

The correct answer is C: frontal. The coronal plane of the body is also known as the frontal plane. This plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections. It is perpendicular to the sagittal plane and divides the body into front and back portions. The term 'coronal' is often used in radiology and anatomy to describe this specific anatomical plane. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions, the median plane is another name for the sagittal plane, and the axial plane is a term less commonly used to describe an anatomical plane.

Question 3

What is true about caloric intake for the average person?

  1. A. It should increase with age.
  2. B. It should decline and then increase with age.
  3. C. It should decline with age.
  4. D. It should remain constant over a lifetime.
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: C — It should decline with age.

Caloric intake for the average person typically declines with age due to factors such as changes in metabolism, muscle mass, and physical activity levels. As people age, their metabolism tends to slow down, and they may also experience a decrease in muscle mass and physical activity, leading to a reduced need for calories. Option A is incorrect because caloric intake generally decreases rather than increases with age. Option B is incorrect as it suggests a fluctuation in caloric intake that is not typically seen. Option D is incorrect as caloric needs usually change over a person's lifetime due to various factors.

Question 4

Which structure is responsible for carrying oxygen to the cells?

  1. A. Hemoglobin
  2. B. Plasma
  3. C. Platelets
  4. D. Red blood cells
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: A — Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin, located in red blood cells, is responsible for binding to oxygen in the lungs and transporting it to tissues throughout the body. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, making them the primary carrier of oxygen to cells. Hemoglobin is the correct answer because it is the protein within red blood cells that directly binds to oxygen for transport. Plasma is the liquid component of blood and does not carry oxygen. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting and have no role in oxygen transport. While red blood cells do carry oxygen, it is specifically the hemoglobin within them that performs this function.

Question 5

What is the function of the small intestine?

  1. A. To store bile
  2. B. To absorb nutrients
  3. C. To digest food
  4. D. To produce enzymes
Show answer and rationale

Correct answer: B — To absorb nutrients

The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It is responsible for absorbing nutrients from the digested food into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body. Therefore, the correct function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients. Choice A is incorrect because the gallbladder stores bile, not the small intestine. Choice C is incorrect because the digestion process primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Choice D is incorrect because while the small intestine does play a role in enzyme production, its primary function is nutrient absorption.

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Question 6

What is the most visible part of the ear called?

  1. A. Cochlea
  2. B. Pinna
  3. C. Ear canal
  4. D. Organ of Corti
Answer and rationale unlock in the Nursier study hub. Unlock answers

Question 7

What is the role of the alveoli in the lungs?

  1. A. To filter blood
  2. B. To exchange gases
  3. C. To transport nutrients
  4. D. To store oxygen
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Question 8

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

  1. A. To pump blood throughout the body
  2. B. To deliver nutrients to tissues
  3. C. To regulate body temperature
  4. D. To protect the body from infection
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Question 9

Which nutrients are important for bone health?

  1. A. Vitamin D
  2. B. Calcium and phosphorus
  3. C. Iron and zinc
  4. D. Magnesium and sodium
Answer and rationale unlock in the Nursier study hub. Unlock answers

Question 10

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system?

  1. A. To filter waste from the blood
  2. B. To produce urine
  3. C. To regulate blood pressure
  4. D. To maintain fluid balance
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Question 11

Which vitamin is necessary for calcium absorption?

  1. A. Vitamin A
  2. B. Vitamin C
  3. C. Vitamin D
  4. D. Vitamin K
Answer and rationale unlock in the Nursier study hub. Unlock answers

Question 12

The lateral side of the right knee would be ___________.

  1. A. the kneecap
  2. B. closest to the left knee
  3. C. farthest from the left knee
  4. D. on the underside of the knee
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Question 13

What is the primary hormone secreted by the thyroid gland?

  1. A. Oxytocin
  2. B. TSH
  3. C. Adrenaline
  4. D. T4
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Question 14

How does a transverse section divide the body?

  1. A. Into right and left regions
  2. B. Into upper and lower regions
  3. C. Into front and back regions
  4. D. Between the dorsal and ventral cavities
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Question 15

What is the main function of the large intestine?

  1. A. Absorption of nutrients
  2. B. Absorption of water
  3. C. Secretion of digestive enzymes
  4. D. Breaking down fats
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About these HESI A2 anatomy and physiology questions

HESI A2 anatomy and physiology practice questions, set 11 for nursing students in the United States. Fifteen items. Five include answers and rationales in American English.

No. Nursier is independent practice. Register through the official path named on the HESI A2 exam guide.

The first five questions already include the rationale. Start full practice to unlock the remaining keys, missed-question review, and the rest of the bank.

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